Land Use Change to Reduce Freshwater Nitrogen and Phosphorus will Be Effective Even with Projected Climate Change

Abstract

Recent studies have demonstrated that projected climate change will likely enhance nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loss from farms and farmland, with the potential to worsen freshwater eutrophication. Here, we investigate the relative importance of the climate and land use drivers of nutrient loss in nine study catchments in Europe and a neighboring country (Turkey), ranging in area from 50 to 12,000 km2. The aim was to quantify whether planned large-scale, land use change aimed at N and P loss reduction would be effective given projected climate change. To this end, catchment-scale biophysical models were applied within a common framework to quantify the integrated effects of projected changes in climate, land use (including wastewater inputs), N deposition, and water use on river and lake water quantity and quality for the mid-21st century. The proposed land use changes were derived from catchment stakeholder workshops, and the assessment quantified changes in mean annual N and P concentrations and loads. At most of the sites, the projected effects of climate change alone on nutrient concentrations and loads were small, whilst land use changes had a larger effect and were of sufficient magnitude that, overall, a move to more environmentally focused farming achieved a reduction in N and P concentrations and loads despite projected climate change. However, at Beyşehir lake in Turkey, increased temperatures and lower precipitation reduced water flows considerably, making climate change, rather than more intensive nutrient usage, the greatest threat to the freshwater ecosystem. Individual site responses did however vary and were dependent on the balance of diffuse and point source inputs. Simulated lake chlorophyll-a changes were not generally proportional to changes in nutrient loading. Further work is required to accurately simulate the flow and water quality extremes and determine how reductions in freshwater N and P translate into an aquatic ecosystem response.

Agroindustria porcina en sistemas kársticos

“…Los estudios asociados a estas publicaciones fueron realizados principalmente a nivel local (25), nacional (20), y dos publicaciones abordan más de un país. Estas últimas refi eren a un estudio de revisión global de las causas y efectos de los residuos de la industria agropecuaria (Poggi-Varaldo & Estrada-Vazquez, 1997) y un estudio a nivel de cuencas europeas para analizar los impactos de diferentes alternativas de producción bajo escenarios de cambio climático (Wade et al, 2022). Es importante mencionar que los estudios con alcance nacional Cuadro • Elementos sistematizados en la revisión de literatura.…”

“…La gestión sostenible de los recursos hídricos kársticos requiere un conocimiento adecuado del funcionamiento de los sistemas kársticos (Hartmann et al, 2014). Argumentamos que abordar las zonas kársticas como un sistema socioecológico, permite reconocer las particularidades físicas, ecológicas, sociales e históricas del sistema kárstico que dan lugar a los impactos acumulados (Sauro, 2006), tanto por el desarrollo agroindustrial porcino, como por otros impulsores como el cambio climático (Wade et al, 2022). Argumentamos también que el abordaje socioecológico permite reconocer y profundizar en las dimensiones técnicas, de manejo y de comportamiento humano asociados a los problemas ambientales, abordados en la gobernanza de sistemas socioecológicos (Bennet & Satterfi eld, 2018).…”

Difference in the Contribution of Driving Factors to Nitrogen Loss With Surface Runoff Between the Hill and Plain Agricultural Watersheds

“…However, land use has a more direct impact on N loss than climate through changing N sources and transport processes. In agricultural watersheds, rainfall affects agricultural production systems and also annual and seasonal variability in hydrologic processes, and thereby influences N runoff loss and its spatial distribution (Li et al., 2022; Wade et al., 2022; Wenng et al., 2020). Agricultural land generally produces the largest N load, followed by tea plantations, citrus groves and woodlands (Zhang, Li, et al., 2020).…”

LULC Change Effects on Environmental Quality and Ecosystem Services Using EO Data in Two Rural River Basins in Thrace, Greece

“…The European Commission's working group on Mapping and Assessment of Ecosystems and their Services (MAES), embedded in the European Union's (EU) Biodiversity Strategy for 2020, delivered a stepby-step handbook guiding scientists and decision-makers to identify, evaluate, and map ecosystems and their services [7,12]. Even though there have been various approaches to ES quantification, the monetary valuation has been considered the most beneficial and promising scope [3,18], bridging the economy with green development [2,19] and sustainable production [20,21]. A set of frameworks, strategies, and policies have been established to assess ecosystems and their services [8,17] while many studies based on this approach have yielded promising results, leading up to the SEEA-EA of JRC [17] setting a new framework for formal ecosystem accounting in a common transnational way.…”