Language, Gender and Women Development in South Africa

Mncwango, Elliot Mthembeni; Luvuno, Monica Dudu

doi:10.5901/jesr.2015.v5n2p245

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Men’s practice of extramarital affairs could be culturally oriented and tolerated since the qualitative component revealed the existing beliefs in Ifakara town which justify men’s possession of multiple women as a prove of their manhood as well as a support of perceived religious belief that ‘a man should dominate a woman’. Furthermore, a societal expectation that men have the right to possess multiple women is possibly connected with the patriarchal system which considers women as subordinates and men superior [ 41 , 42 ]. Possession of multiple women by men could be one way to prove this superiority.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking gender, extramarital affairs, and HIV: a mixed methods study on contextual determinants of extramarital affairs in rural Tanzania

et al. 2018

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BackgroundExtramarital sex is a potential driver of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission for long-term couples in sub-Saharan Africa. It is increasingly recognized that preventing sexual risk behaviours requires an understanding and adjustment of sexual relationship factors beyond the individual level. We investigated the association between extramarital affairs and HIV status, factors associated with extramarital affairs, and created insights in the context and pathways for married men and women in rural Tanzania who engage in extramarital affairs.MethodsA cross-sectional sequential explanatory mixed method design was employed. The WHO-Social determinants of health perspective guided the study. Using logistic regression, we analysed the MZIMA project community surveillance representative sample of 3884 married partners aged 15+ residing in Ifakara town, Tanzania (2012–2013). Multinomial logistic regression analysis established the relative risk ratio (RRR) of different social and economic factors with lifetime (proxy) and recent (12 months prior to survey) extramarital affairs. Logistic regression analysis determined the association between extramarital affairs and HIV status. Semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions explored the quantitative findings, capturing the experiences and norms regarding extramarital affairs.ResultsWe found a significant association between lifetime (proxy) extramarital affairs and HIV infection among women only. The RRR of having extramarital affairs (lifetime proxy) was significantly higher among Village Community Bank (VICOBA) members, the re-married, consumers of alcohol, those from southern regions, non-Muslims, and those with older age. In the case of recent extramarital affairs (12 months prior to survey), associations were significant for the same variables except for religion, having an income was also associated with the outcome. Qualitative narratives reflected that, desire to prove manhood (masculinity) supported by societal normative beliefs such as; ‘it is not realistic for a man to stay without extramarital partner’ and religious beliefs; ‘a man shall dominate a woman’ encouraged men’s extramarital affairs. For women, striving for financial autonomy, obligations to pay back debts borrowed from several VICOBA, and limited support from their husbands encouraged their engagement in extramarital affairs. Low relationship quality (conflict and sexual dissatisfaction) were reported to encourage both men and women’s extramarital affairs.ConclusionsThe findings show that the link between extramarital affairs and HIV has a gender dimension in which women are more likely to acquire HIV through extramarital affairs (case of recent extramarital affairs (12 months prior to survey). Future programs seeking to address risk sexual behaviors in Tanzanian marriages can consider context-sensitive interventions which address aspects beyond ‘individual risk’ and women’s financial uncertainties, and include couple’s relationship quality, excessive alcohol behaviors, n...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking gender, extramarital affairs, and HIV: a mixed methods study on contextual determinants of extramarital affairs in rural Tanzania

et al. 2018

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“…Females, in particular those who are poor, marginalised or uneducated have limited access to healthcare resources, relating to more adverse health outcomes (Chauke, Munzhelele, & Maiwashe, 2015 ). Also females who suffer higher rates of unemployment, are also both affected and infected by HIV/AIDS and also assume the role of primary caregivers to children and the elderly (Chauke et al, 2015 ; Mncwango & Luvuno, 2015 ; Wright, Neves, Ntshongwana, & Noble, 2015 ). Within this context of numerous social plights, their individual health outcomes suffer and this explains the higher probability of dying over males in the population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gendered differences in AIDS and AIDS-related cause of death among youth with secondary education in South Africa, 2009–2011

Wet

2016

SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS

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Background: The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is higher among females than males in Sub-Saharan Africa. Education is associated with better health outcomes. For this and other reasons, African countries have made a concerted effort to increase youth education rates. However, in South Africa males have lower secondary education rates than females, yet females have a higher prevalence of HIV/AIDS. This study examines if a gender disparity exists in AIDS mortality rates among youth with secondary education in South Africa. Methods: This study uses descriptive statistics and life table techniques. A sample of 4386 deaths of youth with secondary education is used. Of this total sample, 987 deaths were among males and 340 were among females with secondary education. Results: This study shows that AIDS mortality is higher among females than males in South Africa. Males and females with secondary education have lower AIDS mortality than all males and females in the population, yet the rates are higher for females. Using cause-deleted life tables, the probability of youth dying from HIV/AIDS practically disappears for both males and females. Odds ratio calculations show that secondary education does not have a protective effect from AIDS mortality among male and female youth. Conclusion: Given the gendered difference in AIDS mortality among youth with secondary education, efforts to increase secondary education among males and further research into other factors exacerbating AIDS mortality among females with secondary education is needed in the country.

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“…Perceptions of their subservience are reportedly more pronounced within the Zulu community. To this end, Mncwango and Luvuno (2015) assert that “Zulu men argued that in Zulu culture women are inferior to men . .…”

Section: Older Factors That Influenced Breast Cancer Perceptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Our Beauty Is in Our Breasts”: A Culture-Centered Approach to Understanding Cancer Perceptions in Kwa Zulu Natal, South Africa

Zwane

2020

Qual Health Res

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Breast cancer is an incapacitating physical illness. It was once reported predominantly by patients in developed countries. With the advent of globalization, it is increasingly becoming a major health concern in developing countries such as South Africa. Breast cancer researchers have continuously advocated for original studies that address this condition from a sociocultural perspective. Consequently, in this article I examine the perceptions of breast cancer patients from underprivileged parts of Kwa Zulu Natal (KZN). Thirty semi-structured interviews were conducted with Zulu women at a tertiary hospital in the region. A culture-centered approach was utilized to gauge their perceptions of life as breast cancer patients within the conservative Zulu community. The findings revealed that this ailment is generally misunderstood, which has adverse implications for the patients. Furthermore, there is a dire need for breast cancer communication interventions that can acquaint the Zulu community with this condition.

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Language, Gender and Women Development in South Africa

Abstract: The issues discussed in this article are about language discrimination, struggle for gender equality and women developmentincluding

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Linking gender, extramarital affairs, and HIV: a mixed methods study on contextual determinants of extramarital affairs in rural Tanzania

Linking gender, extramarital affairs, and HIV: a mixed methods study on contextual determinants of extramarital affairs in rural Tanzania

Gendered differences in AIDS and AIDS-related cause of death among youth with secondary education in South Africa, 2009–2011

“Our Beauty Is in Our Breasts”: A Culture-Centered Approach to Understanding Cancer Perceptions in Kwa Zulu Natal, South Africa

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