Large-angle electro-optic laser scanner on LiTaO_3 fabricated by in situ monitoring of ferroelectric-domain micropatterning

Scrymgeour, David; Barad, Y.; Gopalan, Venkatraman; Gahagan, K. T.; Jia, Q. X.; Mitchell, T. E.; Robinson, Jeanne M.

doi:10.1364/ao.40.006236

Cited by 63 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It is a primary material used in current EO device products [40][41][42][43]. Other ferroelectrics used include barium titanate, barium strontium titanate [44], lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) [32,45], lithium tantalite [46][47][48], potassium niobate [49], potassium titanyl phosphate (KTiOPO 4 or KTP) [50], and strontium barium niobate (Sr 0.6 Ba 0.4 Nb 2 O 6 or SBN) [44,[51][52][53]. In addition, nanoscale tuning of material properties has been studied using ferroelectric lead titanate nanocrystals [54].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro‐optic Devices

Maldonado

2007

The Optics Encyclopedia

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Electro-optic devices can be designed to modulate various properties of a light wave, including phase, polarization, amplitude, frequency, and even its direction of propagation. Research over the years has focused on developing materials and complementary device geometries that together can yield desirable device performance for a large number of applications. This chapter provides an overview of the fundamental modes of operation for devices that alter the optical properties of materials in a controlled way for achieving light modulation. A mathematical treatment of light propagation in anisotropic and electro-optically active media is presented to enable the device designer to quantify the modulation of light as well as the effects of slight misalignments of the structure on polarization and energy flow. Various classes of materials investigated for electro-optic devices are presented; these include inorganic crystals, organic crystals, liquid crystals, semiconductors, and dye-doped polymers. Possible device geometries include bulk, integrated optical waveguides, and optical fibers. In addition, performance criteria are defined, and a wide range of applications for these devices are summarized.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro‐optic Devices

Maldonado

2007

The Optics Encyclopedia

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“…The challenge of non-mechanical beam control is a long-standing one, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] and has been the subject of extensive past efforts (e.g., The Steered Agile Beam or STAB project 9 funded by DARPA in 2000). A diverse array of technical approaches have been directed toward this problem including: i) planar electro-optic prisms constructed from KTP, 10 Lithium Niobate, 10 ferroelectric domain LiTaO 3 , 7, 11 and electro-optic polymers, 12 , ii) thermo-optic planar prisms, 13 iii) diffractive liquid crystal phased arrays 5,8 , and iv) diffractive acousto-optic techniques 14 .…”

Section: The Enabling Innovationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The vertical dimensions of the later electrodes may be expanded to prevent optical clipping of the steered beam. 7 An example of a multiple interface electrode pattern is shown in Figure 8A. A picture of a prototype waveguide device is shown in Figure 8B, and Figure 8C shows the performance as viewed with a high-gain InGaAs CCD camera.…”

Section: O Of Analog Electro-optic Deflectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analog, non-mechanical beam-steerer with 80 degree field of regard

et al. 2008

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Frames from an IR video showing a 1550 nm beam scanned across a parking lot (above a seated person). ABSTRACTWe are presenting a novel electro-optic architecture for non-mechanical laser beam steering with a demonstrated 80 degrees of steering in a chip-scale package. To our knowledge this is the largest angular coverage ever achieved by non-mechanical means. Even higher angular deflections are possible with our architecture both in the plane of the waveguide and out of the waveguide plane. In the present paper we describe the steering in the plane of the waveguide leaving the out-of-plane scanning mechanism to be detailed in a subsequent publication. In order to realize this performance we exploit an entirely new electro-optic architecture. Specifically, we utilize liquid crystals (LCs), which have the largest known electro-optic response, as an active cladding layer in an LC-waveguide geometry. This architecture exploits the benefits of liquid crystals (large tunable index), while circumventing historic LC limitations. LC-waveguides provide unprecedented macroscopic (>1 mm) electro-optic phase delays. When combined with patterned electrodes, this provides a truly analog, "Snell's-law-type" beam-steerer. With only two control electrodes we have realized an 80 degree field of view for 1550 nm light. Furthermore, the waveguide geometry keeps the light from ever coming into contact with an ITO electrode, thereby permitting high optical power transmission. Finally, the beamsteering devices have sub-millisecond response times.

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“…The challenge of non-mechanical beam control is a long-standing one, 10,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and has been the subject of extensive past efforts (e.g., The Steered Agile Beam or STAB project 19 funded by DARPA in 2000). A diverse array of technical approaches have been directed toward this problem including: i) planar electro-optic prisms constructed from KTP, 20 Lithium Niobate, 20 ferroelectric domain LiTaO 3 , 17, 21 and electro-optic polymers, 22 , ii) thermo-optic planar prisms, 23 iii) diffractive liquid crystal phased arrays 10,18 , and iv) diffractive acousto-optic techniques 24 .…”

Section: Electro-optic Laser Scannersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this way the amount of deflection is accumulated along the length of the waveguide. The vertical dimensions of the later electrodes may be expanded to L/Stp SA prevent optical clipping of the steered beam, as is discussed in ref 17 . An example of a multiple interface electrode pattern is shown in Figure 9A.…”

Section: Electro-optic Laser Scannersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new electro-optic waveguide architecture and the unprecedented devices it enables

et al. 2008

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A new electro-optic waveguide platform, which provides unprecedented electro-optical phase delays (> 1mm), with very low loss (< 0.5 dB/cm) and rapid response time (sub millisecond), is presented. This technology, developed by Vescent Photonics, is based upon a unique liquid-crystal waveguide geometry, which exploits the tremendous electro-optic response of liquid crystals while circumventing historic limitations of liquid crystals. The exceedingly large optical phase delays accessible with this technology enable the design and construction of a new class of previously unrealizable photonic devices. Examples include: a 1-D non-mechanical, analog beamsteerer with an 80 o field of regard, a chip-scale widely tunable laser, a chip-scale Fourier transform spectrometer (< 5 nm resolution demonstrated), widely tunable micro-ring resonators, tunable lenses, ultra-low power (< 5 microWatts) optical switches, true optical time delay (up to 10 ns), and many more. All of these devices may benefit from established manufacturing technologies and ultimately may be as inexpensive as a calculator display. Furthermore, this new integrated photonic architecture has applications in a wide array of commercial and defense markets including: remote sensing, micro-LADAR, OCT, laser illumination, phased array radar, optical communications, etc. Performance attributes of several example devices are presented.

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Large-angle electro-optic laser scanner on LiTaO_3 fabricated by in situ monitoring of ferroelectric-domain micropatterning

Cited by 63 publications

References 18 publications

Electro‐optic Devices

Electro‐optic Devices

Analog, non-mechanical beam-steerer with 80 degree field of regard

A new electro-optic waveguide architecture and the unprecedented devices it enables

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