Large-area, fully conformable, μm-thick e-tattoo for high-fidelity in situ personal health monitoring

Yin, Lang; Deng, Pengfei; Ma, Jiaji; Shen, Yaoxin; Ren, Junhui; Zhang, Shuchang; Huang, YongAn

doi:10.1109/nano46743.2019.8993887

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…174,548 Some e-tattoo systems have also used intrinsically stretchable materials such as liquid metal as the interconnect material. 549,550 As circuits become more complex with increased functionality, space becomes a major issue. Recent work has focused on creating multilayered etattoos where each layer is responsible for a specific function.…”

Section: Integration Of Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The interconnects between these components are commonly thin metal sheets that have been patterned into appropriate designs. ,, Copper is the metal that is used ubiquitously for this purpose due to its low cost, good conductivity, and solderability. The interconnects are patterned into serpentine structures to enable the circuit to stretch along with human skin. , Some e-tattoo systems have also used intrinsically stretchable materials such as liquid metal as the interconnect material. , As circuits become more complex with increased functionality, space becomes a major issue. Recent work has focused on creating multilayered e-tattoos where each layer is responsible for a specific function.…”

Section: System Integration Of E-tattoosmentioning

confidence: 99%

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E-Tattoos: Toward Functional but Imperceptible Interfacing with Human Skin

Li,

Tan,

Rao

et al. 2024

Chem. Rev.

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The human body continuously emits physiological and psychological information from head to toe. Wearable electronics capable of noninvasively and accurately digitizing this information without compromising user comfort or mobility have the potential to revolutionize telemedicine, mobile health, and both human−machine or human−metaverse interactions. However, state-of-the-art wearable electronics face limitations regarding wearability and functionality due to the mechanical incompatibility between conventional rigid, planar electronics and soft, curvy human skin surfaces. E-Tattoos, a unique type of wearable electronics, are defined by their ultrathin and skin-soft characteristics, which enable noninvasive and comfortable lamination on human skin surfaces without causing obstruction or even mechanical perception. This review article offers an exhaustive exploration of e-tattoos, accounting for their materials, structures, manufacturing processes, properties, functionalities, applications, and remaining challenges. We begin by summarizing the properties of human skin and their effects on signal transmission across the e-tattoo-skin interface. Following this is a discussion of the materials, structural designs, manufacturing, and skin attachment processes of e-tattoos. We classify e-tattoo functionalities into electrical, mechanical, optical, thermal, and chemical sensing, as well as wound healing and other treatments. After discussing energy harvesting and storage capabilities, we outline strategies for the system integration of wireless e-tattoos. In the end, we offer personal perspectives on the remaining challenges and future opportunities in the field.

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Section: Integration Of Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: System Integration Of E-tattoosmentioning

confidence: 99%

E-Tattoos: Toward Functional but Imperceptible Interfacing with Human Skin

Li,

Tan,

Rao

et al. 2024

Chem. Rev.

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“…Their functions include observing human biological signals, communication, notification, and making secured chip-based payments. Yin et al [68] explored these E-tattoos that are comfortable and versatile as they comprise of microphone for voice assistance and body sensors to detect human essential body rates like ECG, temperature, and hydration and also provide customized functions.…”

Section: Taxonomy On Smart Healthcare Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Taxonomy on Smart Healthcare Technologies: Security Framework, Case Study, and Future Directions

et al. 2022

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There is a massive transformation in the traditional healthcare system from the specialist-centric approach to the patient-centric approach by adopting modern and intelligent healthcare solutions to build a smart healthcare system. It permits patients to directly share their medical data with the specialist for remote diagnosis without any human intervention. Furthermore, the remote monitoring of patients utilizing wearable sensors, Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, and artificial intelligence (AI) has made the treatment readily accessible and affordable. However, the advancement also brings several security and privacy concerns that poorly maneuvered the effective performance of the smart healthcare system. An attacker can exploit the IoT infrastructure, perform an adversarial attack on AI models, and proliferate resource starvation attacks in smart healthcare system. To overcome the aforementioned issues, in this survey, we extensively reviewed and created a comprehensive taxonomy of various smart healthcare technologies such as wearable devices, digital healthcare, and body area networks (BANs), along with their security aspects and solutions for the smart healthcare system. Moreover, we propose an AI-based architecture with the 6G network interface to secure the data exchange between patients and medical practitioners. We have examined our proposed architecture with the case study based on the COVID-19 pandemic by adopting unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for data exchange. The performance of the proposed architecture is evaluated using various machine learning (ML) classification algorithms such as random forest (RF), naive Bayes (NB), logistic regression (LR), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and perceptron. The RF classification algorithm outperforms the conventional algorithms in terms of accuracy, i.e., 98%. Finally, we present open issues and research challenges associated with smart healthcare technologies.

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Large-area, fully conformable, μm-thick e-tattoo for high-fidelity in situ personal health monitoring

Cited by 2 publications

References 28 publications

E-Tattoos: Toward Functional but Imperceptible Interfacing with Human Skin

E-Tattoos: Toward Functional but Imperceptible Interfacing with Human Skin

A Taxonomy on Smart Healthcare Technologies: Security Framework, Case Study, and Future Directions

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