Large Mesopore Generation in an Amorphous Silica-Alumina by Controlling the Pore Size with the Gel Skeletal Reinforcement and Its Application to Catalytic Cracking

Ishihara, Atsushi; Hashimoto, Tadanori; Nasu, Hiroyuki

doi:10.3390/catal2030368

Cited by 26 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Further, most m/s ratios for the MA122 series catalysts were higher than those for MA022-5-Y and single zeolite in catalytic cracking of both VGO and n-dodecane. These findings are consistent with the conclusions of our previous studies in which the presence of large mesopores prepared by gel skeletal reinforcement increased the m/s ratio in catalytic cracking of n-dodecane 16),17), 20) . However, the effects of mesopores on the iso-/n-product ratios were not clear.…”

Section: Effects Of Pore Sizes and Amounts Of Acidsupporting

confidence: 82%

Catalytic Cracking of VGO by Hierarchical Y Zeolite-containing Mesoporous Silica–Alumina Catalysts Using Curie Point Pyrolyzer

Ishihara

Kimura

Hashimoto

et al. 2014

J. Jpn. Petrol. Inst.

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Hierarchical Y zeolite-containing mesoporous silica _ aluminas were prepared by the one pot sol-gel method using malic acid. Properties for the catalytic cracking of vacuum gas oil (VGO) were estimated using a Curie point pyrolyzer, to establish a novel and very simple estimation method for the catalytic cracking of VGO. Prepared catalysts showed higher conversions and selectivities for gasoline than zeolite single, indicating that yields of gasoline for zeolite-containing catalysts increased compared with that of zeolite single. Higher content of aluminum species in the catalysts resulted in decreased olefin/paraffin ratios and increased iso-/n-ratios (ratio of branched products to straight-chained ones), indicating that hydrogen transfer and isomerization were promoted by the addition of acid sites into the matrix. Catalysts with mesopores tended to form larger amounts of multibranched products, which are very important in modern petroleum refining. When the yields of gasoline, singlebranched products and multi-branched products were plotted against the conversion of VGO, the linear relationships were observed and the effect of kinds of zeolite was rather small, indicating that the activity and the selectivity were largely affected by the presence of matrices. Comparison of the yields of gasoline, single-branched products and multi-branched products at the same conversions showed that Y zeolite-containing catalysts always showed the highest yields and ZSM-5-containing catalysts showed the lowest yields although the differences were small. Pore size of the zeolite probably also affected the yields in the treatment of large molecules such as VGO. The present findings suggest that the appropriate combination of zeolite and matrix is the most important factor to obtain high catalytic activity and high yields of gasoline and branched products.

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Section: Effects Of Pore Sizes and Amounts Of Acidsupporting

confidence: 82%

Catalytic Cracking of VGO by Hierarchical Y Zeolite-containing Mesoporous Silica–Alumina Catalysts Using Curie Point Pyrolyzer

Ishihara

Kimura

Hashimoto

et al. 2014

J. Jpn. Petrol. Inst.

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“…As it was shown by XRD analysis, the swelling of high-silica PREFER_50 resulted in the partial extraction of silicon from the ferrierite layers with the formation of amorphous silica, identified in ITQ-6_50 and ITQ-36_50, as shown in Figure 1. Thus, an increase in adsorbed dinitrogen volume, observed at higher relative pressure for these samples, indicates not only the presence of interlayer mesopores but also mesopores of different size in amorphous silica [24].…”

Section: Characterization Of Catalyst Precursors and Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Ferrierite and Its Delaminated and Silica-Intercalated Forms Modified with Copper as Effective Catalysts for NH3-SCR Process

et al. 2020

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The main goal of the study was the development of effective catalysts for the low-temperature selective catalytic reduction of NO with ammonia (NH3-SCR), based on ferrierite (FER) and its delaminated (ITQ-6) and silica-intercalated (ITQ-36) forms modified with copper. The copper exchange zeolitic samples, with the intended framework Si/Al ratio of 30 and 50, were synthetized and characterized with respect to their chemical composition (ICP-OES), structure (XRD), texture (low-temperature N2 adsorption), form and aggregation of deposited copper species (UV-vis-DRS), surface acidity (NH3-TPD) and reducibility (H2-TPR). The samples of the Cu-ITQ-6 and Cu-ITQ-36 series were found to be significantly more active NH3-SCR catalysts compared to Cu-FER. The activity of these catalysts in low-temperature NH3-SCR was assigned to the significant contribution of highly dispersed copper species (monomeric cations and small oligomeric species) catalytically active in the oxidation of NO to NO2, which is necessary for fast-SCR. The zeolitic catalysts, with the higher framework alumina content, were more effective in high-temperature NH3-SCR due to their limited catalytic activity in the side reaction of ammonia oxidation.

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“…Mesoporous matrices were mixed with zeolites and binder to form hierarchical structure. The pore diameter and pore volume of silica of the mesoporous matrix after calcination at 600 could be controlled to maximums of 30 nm and 3.1 cm 3 /g by the amount of tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) solution for reinforcement, indicating that the silica consisted mainly of mesopores 28) . In this study, GSR mesoporous matrices prepared with different pore sizes were combined with β zeolite or Y zeolite, and alumina binder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Cracking of Soybean Oil Using Zeolite-containing Microporous and Mesoporous Mixed Catalysts with Curie Point Pyrolyzer

Sontisawate

Nasu

Hashimoto

et al. 2016

J. Jpn. Petrol. Inst.

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Zeolite-containing catalysts with hierarchical structures were prepared by combining microporous zeolites (beta and Y zeolite) with mesoporous matrices (silicas and silica _ aluminas with large mesopores) prepared by the gel skeletal reinforcement method and a binder. Morphology of the prepared catalysts was characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, ammonia adsorption-desorption, and thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis. Catalytic cracking of soybean oil was performed with these mixed catalysts to observe the effect of the pore size on the catalytic activity and the selectivity of products using the convenient Curie point pyrolyzer. Zeolite-containing mixed catalysts exhibited great improvements in all aspects such as maximum increase of 31 % conversion, about 10 % higher gasoline yields, and maximum decrease of 36 % coke formation in comparison with single zeolite, indicating that the presence of the matrices greatly influenced the catalytic cracking. The yields of gasoline, single branched and multi-branched hydrocarbons increased with higher conversion, indicating that increased conversion was necessary to obtain higher yields of products. In comparison of product yields at the same conversion, Y zeolite-containing catalysts exhibited the higher yields than beta (β) zeolite-containing catalysts, indicating that the larger micropore diameter of Y zeolite in the catalysts induced the increase in the gasoline fraction and promoted the isomerization to produce the bulkier products. The conversion of soybean oil increased with increasing the pore diameter for β series catalysts and the conversions were maximum for MAT (

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Large Mesopore Generation in an Amorphous Silica-Alumina by Controlling the Pore Size with the Gel Skeletal Reinforcement and Its Application to Catalytic Cracking

Cited by 26 publications

References 29 publications

Catalytic Cracking of VGO by Hierarchical Y Zeolite-containing Mesoporous Silica–Alumina Catalysts Using Curie Point Pyrolyzer

Catalytic Cracking of VGO by Hierarchical Y Zeolite-containing Mesoporous Silica–Alumina Catalysts Using Curie Point Pyrolyzer

Ferrierite and Its Delaminated and Silica-Intercalated Forms Modified with Copper as Effective Catalysts for NH3-SCR Process

Catalytic Cracking of Soybean Oil Using Zeolite-containing Microporous and Mesoporous Mixed Catalysts with Curie Point Pyrolyzer

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