Recently, due to broad wavelength tunability and high material stability, cesium lead halide perovskite nanorods have been intensively studied as potential candidates for microlasers and photodetectors. However, the current CsPbX3 perovskite nanorods can only support low quality (Q) Fabry–Perot lasers and the response time of CsPbX3 nanorod photodetector is extremely long. Here, CsPbBr3 microrods with larger cross‐sectional sizes and almost uniform aspect ratio are successfully synthesized with a solution processed one‐step precipitation method and their applications in microlasers and photodetectors are reported. Due to the larger cross‐sectional size, whispering‐gallery‐mode lasers can be formed in the transverse plane of CsPbBr3 microrod under both of one‐photon and two‐photon excitation. The highest Q factor can reach around 7000. Besides, the synthesized CsPbBr3 perovskite lasers have shown much better photostability and thermal stability. The single‐crystalline CsPbBr3 microrods also provide a stable platform for photodetectors. The rise and decay time of CsPbBr3 microrod based photodetectors are around 8 ms, which are almost two orders of magnitude smaller than the previously reported CsPbX3 microrod photodetector. Such findings can pave new route on all‐inorganic CsPbX3 based optoelectronic devices.