Large-Scale Gene-Centric Meta-Analysis across 39 Studies Identifies Type 2 Diabetes Loci

A replication study of 49 Type 2 diabetes risk variants in a Punjabi Pakistani population

“…Studies on genetic risk factors for Type 2 diabetes in the Pakistani population are very limited. Although GWAS in Indian Sikhs and South Asians have identified new loci associated with susceptibility to Type 2 diabetes [14,15,[18][19][20], only limited studies have been undertaken on the genetics of Type 2 diabetes among Pakistanis [12][13][14][15][16]. Because Europeans are considered genetically closer to Pakistanis and Indians, we hypothesized that some of the previously reported risk loci of Type 2 diabetes might also be associated with Type 2 diabetes in the Punjabi Pakistani population [26][27][28][29].…”

“…DNA was quantified using the Quant-iT TM PicoGreen â dsDNA assay kit (Life Technologies, Grand Island, NY, USA). For genotyping, 49 genome-wide significant SNPs were derived from reported Asian and European GWAS [14,15,[18][19][20][21]. Genotyping of the selected SNPs (Table S1) was performed using the TaqMan SNP genotyping assays (Life Technologies) following the manufacturer's protocols.…”

Melatonin receptor 1B gene associated with hyperglycemia in bipolar disorder

“…These variations have been reported previously to be associated with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disorders: rs10010131 in wolfram syndrome 1 gene (WFS1), rs1718119 in the purinergic receptor gene (P2RX7), rs4402960 in insulin-like growth factor II mRNA-binding protein 2 gene (IGF2BP2), rs10923931 in neurogenic locus notch homolog 2 gene (NOTCH2), rs10830963 in melatonin receptor 1B gene (MTNR1B), and rs7578597 in thyroid adenoma associated (THADA). The four latter variations were associated with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disorders at the genome-wide significance level and the signals were reproduced (Solini et al, 2004;Saxena et al, 2007;Zeggini et al, 2007;Zeggini et al, 2008;Prokopenko et al, 2009;Saxena et al, 2012;Cheng et al, 2013;Ursu et al, 2014). Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was tested in controls and the cut-off applied was P up to 0.05.…”

Nutrition‐/diet‐induced changes in gene expression in pancreatic β‐cells

“…More systematic studies of gene-diet interactions in β-cells of rodent models in combination with genetic profiling might reveal the regulatory circuits fundamental for the understanding of diet-induced impairments of β-cell function in humans.macronutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins and fats [7,8].In addition to the classical interaction between genetic and lifestyle factors, recent studies have provided evidence that parental diets, in particular maternal protein restriction and paternal high-fat diet (HFD) can lead to a reprogramming of gene expression in the islets of the offspring, implicating an important role of epigenetic control in islet function [9][10][11]. Thus, the investigation of interactions of nutrient factors with the cellular machinery of the β-cell might provide important insights into the pathogenesis of the disease.Recent GWAS and subsequent meta-analyses have dramatically increased the number of known risk gene variants for type 2 diabetes and diabetes-related component traits [6,12,13]. Multiple SNPs in or close to at least 29 genes have been identified that are associated with type 2 diabetes in multiple studies, including…”

“…Recent GWAS and subsequent meta-analyses have dramatically increased the number of known risk gene variants for type 2 diabetes and diabetes-related component traits [6,12,13]. Multiple SNPs in or close to at least 29 genes have been identified that are associated with type 2 diabetes in multiple studies, including…”