Large-scale modern climate change and reactions of steppe birds of Inner Asia

Mel’nikov, Yu. I.

doi:10.1088/1755-1315/817/1/012066

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Due to the well-expressed general trend towards climate warming in the second half of the XX and the beginning of the XXI centuries in Eastern Siberia, the boundaries of the habitats of many bird species have changed very significantly [13][14][15]. This process is especially well expressed among near-water and waterfowl, which develop intrazonal habitats found in all natural zones and mountain belts [15]. More often, such a change in ranges is associated with a sharp increase in the number of flights and cases of episodic nesting of southern bird species not previously observed in this region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the process of processing field material, generally accepted methods of their statistical analysis were used (with the predominant use of nonparametric methods) [12]. The current composition of the bird fauna was compared with the data for the first half of the XX century [2; [13][14][15]. The analysis of changes in the composition of the bird fauna was carried out within the framework of the general concept of the last (Sartan) mountain-valley glaciation of East Asia [16][17].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The last Pleistocene glaciation, gaps in the bird areas of Eastern Siberia and their role in increasing the species diversity of its territory during periods of sharp climate warming

Mel’nikov

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Based on many years of work (1968-2022) and the analysis of special literature, the main features of the modern avifauna of Eastern Siberia and its relationship with Pleistocene glaciations and the climate of the previous epoch are shown. The eastern regions of Russia and the adjacent more southern large mountain systems were characterized by mountain-valley glaciations in the Pleistocene. As a result, up to the Himalayas, the continuous ranges of birds of this period were torn into two parts, and, taking into account the very complex terrain of the territory, into a larger number of isolates. Gaps in bird ranges caused intensive speciation and, in comparison with the previous period, to the formation of increased diversity. Modern climate warming, especially pronounced in Eastern Siberia, has led to the intensive movement of birds to the north, as well as the formation of western and eastern bird settlement flows. As a result, the total diversity of the species composition of birds in Eastern Siberia increased by 116 species (23.6% of the original diversity). The basis of the new species are birds whose habitats were torn apart during the last Pleistocene glaciation. After the discontinuities of the ranges, the tendency to the formation of new species is clearly visible in forest and mountain bird species. In waterfowl and waterfowl, they often did not lead to the formation of new species. This is due to the fact that coastal birds often had a common range far in the south of Asia, where the overall climate cooling was the least. Currently, some species have already formed extensive zones of intergradation of the habitats of closely related species, and many have a clear general trend towards the development of this process. Consequently, mountain-valley glaciers dramatically increased the diversity and isolation of habitats and increased the intensity of speciation of birds based on new geographical isolates. Undoubtedly, prolonged cooling and warming of the climate in a complex and diverse geographical environment are environmental factors of the evolutionary process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The last Pleistocene glaciation, gaps in the bird areas of Eastern Siberia and their role in increasing the species diversity of its territory during periods of sharp climate warming

Mel’nikov

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In connection with a well-pronounced trend towards climate warming in the second half of the 20th and early 21st centuries, the boundaries of the areas of many bird species have changed very significantly in Eastern Siberia [1][2][3][4][5]. This process is especially well expressed among shorebirds and waterfowl birds that develop intrazonal habitats found in all natural zones and mountain belts [3]. More often, such a change in areas is associated with a sharp increase in the number of flights and cases of episodic nesting of southern bird species that have not previously been recorded in this region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pleistocene gaps in the areas of birds of Eastern Siberia and their filling in the modern period of climate warming

Mel’nikov

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Based on long-term studies (1968-2022), materials are presented on the change in the areas of birds in Eastern Siberia, caused by pronounced climate warming in the second half of the 20th - early 21st centuries. During the period of the last strong Pleistocene cooling, this territory was characterized by mountain-valley icing. As a result, the common areas of many bird species were torn apart. Subsequently, in isolated groups, evolution followed different paths, which led to the emergence of new closely related species. At present, due to the strong warming of the climate in Eastern Siberia (1.9°/100 years on average) and the change in the area boundaries of many bird species, the former gaps in their areas are being filled. For many bird species, secondary contact has been recorded with the formation of vast transitional zones in which their areas overlap to some extent. So far, there are relatively few of them, but the general trend towards overlapping areas of a number of bird species can be seen quite clearly. Among the species with area gaps without further speciation, shorebirds sharply predominate. However, among the species whose area gap ended in speciation, their number is significantly reduced. The current period of sharp climate warming and a significant change in the areas of birds in Eastern Siberia is characterized by a sharp increase in their biodiversity. However, it is combined with the low population density of many species, especially those new to the ecosystems of the region. Such a situation requires increased attention to the existing structure of the bird population and its dynamics, since it is observed extremely rarely - the shortest duration of the known centuries-old climate cycle is about 2000 years.

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Stray bird species are reference points of the initial stages of changing areas in conditions of directional climate change (on The example Eastern Siberia)

Mel’nikov

2024

E3S Web of Conf.

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We have shown that Eastern Siberia has now become the scene of climate change, which is determined by its location – the center of Inner Asia. It was found that as a result of increased solar activity on the western edge of Eurasia, the latitudinal transfer of air masses was replaced by a meridional (North Atlantic sector) one. Later, such a shift was observed in the eastern (Pacific) sector of Asia. As a result, a hotbed of elevated surface air temperature was formed in Eastern Siberia and adjacent areas of Mongolia and China, and distant bird evictions to the north, east and west were observed. It is shown that such flights are the first stage of the transformation of bird areas. In the first half of the 20th century, weak western and eastern bird streams have already reached of the hollow Lake Baikal. By the middle of the 20th century, 60 new bird species had been recorded here, but their numbers were insignificant. Subsequently, there were clear trends among them towards further expansion of their areas. It is proved that long-range flights of new species are the first benchmarks indicating the upcoming changes in bird areas. Their consequences should be taken into account in economic activities.

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Large-scale modern climate change and reactions of steppe birds of Inner Asia

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

The last Pleistocene glaciation, gaps in the bird areas of Eastern Siberia and their role in increasing the species diversity of its territory during periods of sharp climate warming

The last Pleistocene glaciation, gaps in the bird areas of Eastern Siberia and their role in increasing the species diversity of its territory during periods of sharp climate warming

Pleistocene gaps in the areas of birds of Eastern Siberia and their filling in the modern period of climate warming

Stray bird species are reference points of the initial stages of changing areas in conditions of directional climate change (on The example Eastern Siberia)

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