Large-scale plantations, bioenergy developments and land use change in Indonesia

Casson, Anne; Muliastra, Y.I.K.D.; Obidzinski, K.

doi:10.17528/cifor/005434

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Collaboration between local and central governments, the private sector, and local communities is strongly required to synchronize program implementation in the field. Furthermore, the expansion of agriculture and bioenergy plantations for renewable energy may lead to land cover changes, resulting in GHG emissions [228,229]. Therefore, integrated planning in the land sector, which includes forestry, agriculture, and energy sectors, is needed to avoid forest conversion and improve productivity in agriculture and plantation areas.…”

Section: Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

A Chronicle of Indonesia’s Forest Management: A Long Step towards Environmental Sustainability and Community Welfare

Nugroho¹,

Indrajaya²,

Astana³

et al. 2023

Land

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Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country in the world, with 17,000 islands of varying sizes and elevations, from lowlands to very high mountains, stretching more than 5000 km eastward from Sabang in Aceh to Merauke in Papua. Although occupying only 1.3% of the world’s land area, Indonesia possesses the third-largest rainforest and the second-highest level of biodiversity, with very high species diversity and endemism. However, during the last two decades, Indonesia has been known as a country with a high level of deforestation, a producer of smoke from burning forests and land, and a producer of carbon emissions. The aim of this paper is to review the environmental history and the long process of Indonesian forest management towards achieving environmental sustainability and community welfare. To do this, we analyze the milestones of Indonesian forest management history, present and future challenges, and provide strategic recommendations toward a viable Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) system. Our review showed that the history of forestry management in Indonesia has evolved through a long process, especially related to contestation over the control of natural resources and supporting policies and regulations. During the process, many efforts have been applied to reduce the deforestation rate, such as a moratorium on permitting primary natural forest and peat land, land rehabilitation and soil conservation, environmental protection, and other significant regulations. Therefore, these efforts should be maintained and improved continuously in the future due to their significant positive impacts on a variety of forest areas toward the achievement of viable SFM. Finally, we conclude that the Indonesian government has struggled to formulate sustainable forest management policies that balance economic, ecological, and social needs, among others, through developing and implementing social forestry instruments, developing and implementing human resource capacity, increasing community literacy, strengthening forest governance by eliminating ambiguity and overlapping regulations, simplification of bureaucracy, revitalization of traditional wisdom, and fair law enforcement.

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Section: Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

A Chronicle of Indonesia’s Forest Management: A Long Step towards Environmental Sustainability and Community Welfare

Nugroho¹,

Indrajaya²,

Astana³

et al. 2023

Land

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“…The primary motive behind implementing biomass co-ring is the potential for GHG emissions reductions 10 , with studies demonstrating its effectiveness in lowering both CO2 emissions [11][12][13][14] , and the release of methane [14][15][16] . Projections from Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN), Indonesia's state-owned electricity entity, forecast an 11 million tCO reduction by 2025 through co-ring, supplemented by an additional 1 million tCO reduction from agricultural waste diversion 9 .…”

Section: Bene Ts Of Biomass Co-ringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biomass co-ring contributes to improved air quality through various emissions reductions. Biomass feedstocks, having minimal sulfur content, lead to decreased SO emissions compared to coal [12][13][14] .…”

Section: Bene Ts Of Biomass Co-ringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Viability of Co-Firing Biomass Waste to Mitigate Coal Plant Emissions in Indonesia

Lou,

Squire,

Hilde

2023

Preprint

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Reducing emissions in Indonesia’s energy sector requires mitigating coal plant emissions while avoiding land use change emissions. Given Indonesia’s abundant biomass resources, co-firing biomass presents an opportunity to reduce carbon emissions using agricultural residues, forestry waste, and municipal waste. We investigate whether available biomass waste is sufficient to meet feedstock requirements for co-firing at a range of ratios, whether demand can be met throughout the year and across the archipelago, and resulting emissions reductions. We conducted a feasibility study for each captive and non-captive coal plant in Indonesia, evaluating suitable biomass waste feedstocks including wood (both forest residues and industrial by-products), rubber, sugarcane, oil palm (kernel shell and empty fruit bunches), rice husk and straw, and municipal solid waste. Our results indicate that incorporating biomass waste into coal plants can reduce carbon emissions and contribute to the country's renewable energy targets without additional deforestation. However, while existing biomass waste is sufficient to meet co-firing demand at low ratios, competition with alternative uses and limited biomass supply in eastern provinces, where coal capacity is growing, preclude meeting demand at higher ratios. Our study provides insights into seasonal and spatial waste availability across Indonesia, and potential land use impacts and emissions reductions.

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“…The Indonesian state has been involved in various ways to facilitate palm oil sector development through, for example, regulation, land allocation, financial incentives, partnerships between palm oil companies and smallholders, linking transmigration program to plantation development, and trade and investment policies (Badrun 2011;Harahap, Silveira, and Khatiwada 2017;Anne Casson, Multastra, and Obidzinski 2014;PASPI 2014;Rival and Levang 2014;Varkkey 2016;McCarthy, Gillespie, and Zen 2012;Vermeulen and Goad 2006). In this thesis I focus on four governance mechanisms, namely arranging financial schemes, conducting disciplinary action to illegal plantations, developing external coordination with non-state actors, and developing internal coordination of agencies in managing forest, land and plantation fire.…”

Section: Four Governance Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Balancing and counterbalancing : the Indonesian state addressing pressures to improve palm oil sector sustainability

Pramudya¹

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vi AcknowledgmentThough I was the one to take all steps in preparing, conducting and finalizing my PhD research, I did not travel alone. Many other people travelled with me, contributing to the success of my learning process and making my tough journey also a pleasant one. They invested their time and energy, sharing their intelligence in my research endeavour. There are far too many people to thank, without whom this project would not have materialised.I am fortunate to have received several years of funding from an interdisciplinary research program called 'Towards Environmentally Sustainable and Equitable Palm Oil' funded by the Interdisciplinary Research and Education Fund (INREF) of Wageningen University. When I started considering PhD research, I could not imagine that I would finally embark on a sixyear journey of research and writing. I would say that in these six years, it has been a luxury to spend most of my time working as a researcher, while also struggling to secure a livelihood from short-time assignments.

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Large-scale plantations, bioenergy developments and land use change in Indonesia

Cited by 5 publications

References 89 publications

A Chronicle of Indonesia’s Forest Management: A Long Step towards Environmental Sustainability and Community Welfare

A Chronicle of Indonesia’s Forest Management: A Long Step towards Environmental Sustainability and Community Welfare

Evaluating the Viability of Co-Firing Biomass Waste to Mitigate Coal Plant Emissions in Indonesia

Balancing and counterbalancing : the Indonesian state addressing pressures to improve palm oil sector sustainability

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