Large‐scale Reductions in Speeding and Accidents in Canada and Israel: A Behavioral Ecological Perspective

Houten, Ron Van; Rolider, Ahmos; Nau, Paul A.; Friedman, Ruth Khalili; Becker, Matthew A.; Chalodovsky, I; Scherer, Mary L.

doi:10.1901/jaba.1985.18-87

Cited by 33 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…This may include the introduction of more speed cameras, which have been found to reduce speeding significantly [74]. Feedback signs which broadcast the percentage of drivers who have stayed within the speed limit of an area have also been found to be effective at reducing speeding and resulting accidents [75].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Impact of Driver Adherence to Speed Limits and the Interdependence of Roadside Collisions in an Urban Environment: An Agent-Based Modelling Approach

et al. 2021

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Roadside collisions are a significant problem faced by all countries. Urbanisation has led to an increase in traffic congestion and roadside vehicle collisions. According to the UK Government’s Department for Transport, most vehicle collisions occur on urban roads, with empirical evidence showing drivers are more likely to break local and fixed speed limits in urban environments. Analysis conducted by the Department for Transport found that the UK’s accident prevention measure’s cost is estimated to be £33bn per year. Therefore, there is a strong motivation to investigate the causes of roadside collisions in urban environments to better prepare traffic management, support local council policies, and ultimately reduce collision rates. This study utilises agent-based modelling as a tool to plan, experiment and investigate the relationship between speeding and vehicle density with collisions. The study found that higher traffic density results in more vehicles travelling at a slower speed, regardless of the degree to which drivers comply with speed restrictions. Secondly, collisions increase linearly as speed compliance is reduced for all densities. Collisions are lowest when all vehicles comply with speed limits for all densities. Lastly, higher global traffic densities result in higher local traffic densities near-collision sites across all adherence levels, increasing the likelihood of congestion around these sites. This work, when extended to real-world applications using empirical data, can support effective road safety policies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Impact of Driver Adherence to Speed Limits and the Interdependence of Roadside Collisions in an Urban Environment: An Agent-Based Modelling Approach

et al. 2021

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“…Although few drivers directly experienced the aversive consequence of a fine, many more may have seen police cars patrolling handicapped parking sites and ticketing violators. Van Houten and Nau (1983) and Van Houten et al (1985) indicated that the effectiveness ofpolice enforcement procedures may be a function of the density and visibility of punishment.…”

Section: Social Validity Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Issues have included littering (Geller, Winett, & Everett, 1982), trash packaging (Stokes & Fawcett, 1977), city crime (Schnelle, Kirchner, Casey, Uselton, & McNees, 1977), and speeding (Van Houten & Nau, 1983;Van Houten et al, 1985).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Environmental Design and Police Enforcement on Violations of a Handicapped Parking Ordinance

Balcazar

Fawcett

Balcázar

1988

J of App Behav Analysis

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This study presents two experiments that evaluate strategies to reduce violations of a handicapped parking ordinance. The first experiment compared effects of upright versus ground handicapped parking signs on percentage of intervals in which cars were parked illegally. Introducing upright signs produced an immediate reduction in the percentage of intervals of inappropriate use of parking spaces. The second experiment examined effects of a police enforcement program on percentage of intervals of inappropriate use of parking spaces and frequency of inappropriately parked cars. Results showed consistent reductions in percentage of intervals of inappropriate use and number of inappropriately parked cars compared with a control site where no enforcement program was introduced.Implications of the research data for law enforcement and public policy are discussed.

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“…Another approach to reducing the number of injuries caused by motor vehide crashes is to change behaviors relevant to the prevention of vehide crashes. Behavior analysis has been applied with some success to affect precursors to vehide crashes, most notably the prevention ofalcohol-impaired driving (e.g., see review by Geller & Lehman, 1989) and speeding (e.g., Van Houten et al, 1985;Van Houten & Van Houten, 1987). However, behavior analysis has been underused in the examination and modification ofnumerous other behaviors relevant to vehide crash avoidance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Crash Avoidance: New Opportunities for Behavior Analysis

Streff¹

1991

J of App Behav Analysis

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Large‐scale Reductions in Speeding and Accidents in Canada and Israel: A Behavioral Ecological Perspective

Cited by 33 publications

References 3 publications

Exploring the Impact of Driver Adherence to Speed Limits and the Interdependence of Roadside Collisions in an Urban Environment: An Agent-Based Modelling Approach

Exploring the Impact of Driver Adherence to Speed Limits and the Interdependence of Roadside Collisions in an Urban Environment: An Agent-Based Modelling Approach

Effects of Environmental Design and Police Enforcement on Violations of a Handicapped Parking Ordinance

Crash Avoidance: New Opportunities for Behavior Analysis

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