Larval mosquito control through deployment of xiphidiocercariae

Experimental Infection of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) Larvae with the Xiphidiocercariae of a Hematolechid

“…The results described in this paper are in agreement with studies carried out by Dollfus et al (1960), Rao et al (1985), Weber et al (1987a,b,c), Zakikhani and Rau (1999) and Carvalho et al (2001a), which indicate that the cercariae belonging to trematodes of the genus Haematoloechus as well as those from Plagiorchis and Prosthogonimus, are all of great potential for mosquito biological control, once they proved to be highly efficient against some evaluated mosquito species. It must be noted however that such digenetic trematodes require as a prerequisite, that intermediate (snail and mosquito) and definitive (vertebrate) hosts exist in the same environment.…”

“…have also been indicated as efficient in the larval control of mosquitoes such as Culex quinquefasciatus, Ae. aegypti and Anopheles quadrimaculatus (Rao et al 1985, Webber et al 1987a,b,c, Dempster & Rau 1991, Zakikhani & Rau 1999. The xiphidiocercariae are assexually produced in sporocysts inside of the hepatopancreas of snails of the genus Lymnaea.…”

Impact of Nutrition and Exposure to the ParasitePlagiorchis elegans(Trematoda: Plagiorchiidae) on the Development ofAedes aegypti(Diptera: Culicidae): Analysis by Time-Dependent Transition Probabilities

“…Although entomopathogenic digeneans can induce signiÞcant levels of mortality in the mosquito intermediate hosts, their signiÞcance as natural enemies remains unclear (Rao et al 1985). The complexity of their life cycle and long developmental delays most likely render them incapable of controlling ßuctuating mosquito populations in a reciprocal, density-dependent fashion.…”

Xiphidiocercariae from naturally infected Lymnaea columella (Mollusca, Gastropoda) in urban area: morphology and ultrastructure of the larvae and histological changes in the mollusc host

“…Tissue changes of the snail host caused by these parasites in different developmental phases have been observed in different organs, including digestive gland, kidneys and ovotestis (Souza et al, 1995;Brandolini and Amato, 2006;Pinheiro et al, 2009). Information on the parasite-host interaction, in turn, can contribute to biological control programmes of both parasite and host populations (Rao et al, 1985;Carvalho et al, 2002;Zakikhani, et al, 2003), and consequently, of diseases related.…”