Laryngomalazie

Abstract

The most common cause of stridor in newborns is instability of the upper larynx, called laryngomalacia. In approximately 10% of children normal development is impaired. The diagnostics and therapy must follow a clear plan that is also comprehensible to the parents. The obstruction should be localized endoscopically, the anatomical characteristics determined, and the surgical possibilities evaluated. Additional pathological changes of the upper airway (e.g., vocal fold paresis) need to be excluded. Surgery for laryngomalacia, called supraglottoplasty, allows reduction of excess mucus, transectioning of aryepiglottic folds that are too short, and in some cases epiglottic fixation to the base of the tongue. In extreme cases tracheotomy is unavoidable. Surgery is only recommended for severe cases; when carried out correctly according to the medical indications, the success rate is over 90%.

Seltene Erkrankungen des Larynx, der Trachea und der Schilddrüse

“…The decision pro/contra surgical treatment is made based on the clinical overall impression. Crucial criteria are stridor with resting dyspnea, respiration-related nutritional problems, failure to thrive, obstructive sleep disorders, stress-related hypoxia and hypercapnia and cyanosis 9 10 . The surgical therapy is orientated on the classification of laryngomalacia according to Olney.…”

“…Die Entscheidung zur operativen Versorgung wird nach dem klinischen Gesamteindruck gefällt, ausschlaggebende Kriterien sind Stridor mit Ruhedyspnoe, atmungsbedingte Ernährungsprobleme, Gedeihstörungen, obstruktive Schlafstörungen, Belastungshypoxie, Belastungshyperkapnie und Zyanose 9 10 . Die chirurgische Therapie orientiert sich an der Klassifizierung der Laryngomalazie nach Olney.…”

Pathologies of the larynx and trachea in childhood

“…The decision for surgical intervention is made according to the overall clinical impression. The following criteria should be applied: stridor with dispnea at rest, respiration-related nutritional problems, failure to thrive, obstructive sleep disorder hypoxia on distress, hypercapnia on distress, cyanosis [ 22 ].…”