Las razas de maní en Bolivia

Krapovickas, Antonio; Vanni, Ricardo Oscar; Pietrarelli, J. R.; Williams, David E.; Simpson, C. E.

doi:10.30972/bon.1821339

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…fastigiata (Waldron) Krapov. & W. C. Greg) introduced from Bolivia [25]. The line I0349 originated from a genetically heterogeneous germplasm identified as Arachis hypogaea L, resembling var.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introgression of peanut smut resistance from landraces to elite peanut cultivars (Arachis hypogaea L.)

et al. 2019

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Smut disease caused by the fungal pathogen Thecaphora frezii Carranza & Lindquist is threatening the peanut production in Argentina. Fungicides commonly used in the peanut crop have shown little or no effect controlling the disease, making it a priority to obtain peanut varieties resistant to smut. In this study, recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were developed from three crosses between three susceptible peanut elite cultivars (Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. hypogaea) and two resistant landraces (Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. fastigiata Waldron). Parents and RILs were evaluated under high inoculum pressure (12000 teliospores g-1 of soil) over three years. Disease resistance parameters showed a broad range of variation with incidence mean values ranging from 1.0 to 35.0% and disease severity index ranging from 0.01 to 0.30. Average heritability (h2) estimates of 0.61 to 0.73 indicated that resistance in the RILs was heritable, with several lines (4 to 7 from each cross) showing a high degree of resistance and stability over three years. Evidence of genetic transfer between genetically distinguishable germplasm (introgression in a broad sense) was further supported by simple-sequence repeats (SSRs) and Insertion/Deletion (InDel) marker genotyping. This is the first report of smut genetic resistance identified in peanut landraces and its introgression into elite peanut cultivars.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introgression of peanut smut resistance from landraces to elite peanut cultivars (Arachis hypogaea L.)

et al. 2019

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“…Numerous landraces are grown by South Americans of mixed descent, sometimes using cultivation methods such as companion planting with cassava, that were obviously used by pre-Colombian native peoples. Recently, a very interesting description of 62 distinct landraces in Bolivia has been published (Krapovickas et al , 2009). Almost all of these landraces are endemic to the country.…”

Section: Landracesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of peanut and its wild relatives

Bertioli

Seijo

Freitas

et al. 2011

Plant Genet. Resour.

139

113

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The legume Arachis hypogaea, commonly known as peanut or groundnut, is a very important food crop throughout the tropics and sub-tropics. The genus is endemic to South America being mostly associated with the savannah-like Cerrado. All species in the genus are unusual among legumes in that they produce their fruit below the ground. This profoundly influences their biology and natural distributions. The species occur in diverse habitats including grasslands, open patches of forest and even in temporarily flooded areas. Based on a number of criteria, including morphology and sexual compatibilities, the 80 described species are arranged in nine infrageneric taxonomic sections. While most wild species are diploid, cultivated peanut is a tetraploid. It is of recent origin and has an AABB-type genome. The most probable ancestral species are Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaënsis, which contributed the A and B genome components, respectively. Although cultivated peanut is tetraploid, genetically it behaves as a diploid, the A and B chromosomes only rarely pairing during meiosis. Although morphologically variable, cultivated peanut has a very narrow genetic base. For some traits, such as disease and pest resistance, this has been a fundamental limitation to crop improvement using only cultivated germplasm. Transfer of some wild resistance genes to cultivated peanut has been achieved, for instance, the gene for resistance to root-knot nematode. However, a wider use of wild species in breeding has been hampered by ploidy and sexual incompatibility barriers, by linkage drag, and historically, by a lack of the tools needed to conveniently confirm hybrid identities and track introgressed chromosomal segments. In recent years, improved knowledge of species relationships has been gained by more detailed cytogenetic studies and molecular phylogenies. This knowledge, together with new tools for genetic and genomic analysis, will help in the more efficient use of peanut's genetic resources in crop improvement.

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“…However, A. hypogaea evolved, becoming completely dependent on cultivation and morphologically very diverse 5 . Two subspecies (hypogaea and fastigiata) and six botanical varieties (hypogaea, hirsuta, fastigiata, vulgaris, aequatoriana and peruviana) are recognized 5,10,11 . Different grain colors and sizes, pod shapes and growth habits distinguish thousands of landraces and cultivars 5,11 (see also United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Germplasm Resources Information Network (https://www.ars-grin.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%