Laser diffraction determination of the crystalline structure of an electrorheological fluid

Chen, Tianjie; Zitter, R. N.; Tao, Ruibao

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.68.2555

Cited by 196 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Experimental observation of the mesostructure is more difficult. In an early work, Chen et al [39] concluded from their experiment that the structure of the DER fluid within the columns is BCT, as expected from the theoretical prediction. Later studies by Elliot et al [40], and Dassanayake et al [41] confirmed this conclusion and also gave some insight to the structure and dynamics of the DER fluids.…”

Section: ð3:45þmentioning

confidence: 85%

Dielectric electrorheological fluids: Theory and experiment

Wen

Tam

et al. 2003

Advances in Physics

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Electrorheological (ER) fluids are a class of materials whose rheological properties are controllable by the application of an electric field. A dielectric electrorheological (DER) fluid is the simplest type of ER fluid, in which the material components follow a linear electrostatic response. We review and discuss the progress of the studies on physics of this type of material. A first-principles theory of DER fluids, along with relevant experimental verifications, are presented in some detail. In particular, the properties presented include static equilibrium structure, shear modulus, static yield stress and its variation with applied electric field frequency, and structure-induced dielectric nonlinearity.

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Section: ð3:45þmentioning

confidence: 85%

Dielectric electrorheological fluids: Theory and experiment

Wen

Tam

et al. 2003

Advances in Physics

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“…The far field lateral attraction ∝ nr −5 between the two field-aligned n-particle chains is originated by the dipole density fluctuations 68,69 resulting in the condensation of chains into tapered bundled structures ( Figure 3c). The zero-temperature λ → ∞ ground-state for the ensemble of fully aligned dipolar particles should be a bodycentered tetragonal (bct) solid 72 comprised by chains offset in the direction of the field [73][74][75] . At (λ > 4 − 7) the phase diagram of aligned dipolar particles shows a chain and bct phase coexistence 76 .…”

Section: Equilibriummentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-assembly and rheology of dipolar colloids in simple shear studied using multi-particle collision dynamics

2017

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a Magnetic nanoparticles in a colloidal solution self-assemble in various aligned structures, which has a profound influence on the flow behavior. However, the precise role of the microstructure in the development of the rheological response has not been reliably quantified. We investigate the self-assembly of dipolar colloids in simple shear using hybrid molecular dynamics and multiparticle collision dynamics simulations with explicit coarse-grained hydrodynamics; conduct simulated rheometric studies and apply micromechanical models to produce master curves, showing evidence of the universality of the structural behavior governed by the competition of the bonding (dipolar) and erosive (thermal and/or hydrodynamic) stresses. The simulations display viscosity changes across several orders of magnitude in fair quantitative agreement with various literature sources, substantiating the universality of the approach, which seems to apply generally across vastly different length scales and a broad range of physical systems.

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“…Since its discovery more than two decades ago, colloidal crystals have blossomed into a fertile area of research encompassing diverse approaches for controlled fabrication of three-dimensional mesocrystals, i.e., crystals with lattice constants ranging from submicrons to tens of microns [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. More recently, two-dimensional, or planar, colloidal crystals have been observed through a number of self-assembly techniques such as magnetic hole formed with nonmagnetic particles in a ferrofluid [12], fieldinduced assembly of floating magnetic particles [13], electric-field-induced planar crystal [14], and surfactantmediated colloid crystals [15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Planar Magnetic Colloidal Crystals

2000

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We report a novel form of planar magnetic colloidal crystals formed by coated magnetic microspheres floating on a liquid meniscus. Under an external magnetic field, the balance between the repulsive magnetic interaction and the "attractive" interaction, due to the weight of the particles projected along the surface tangent, yields not only the triangular lattice with a variable lattice constant, but also all the other planar crystal symmetries such as the oblique, centered-rectangular, rectangular, and square lattices. By using two different sized magnetic particles, local formations of 2D quasicrystallites with fivefold symmetry are also observed.PACS numbers: 82.70. Kj, 64.70.Kb, 75.50.Mm, 83.80.Gv Since its discovery more than two decades ago, colloidal crystals have blossomed into a fertile area of research encompassing diverse approaches for controlled fabrication of three-dimensional mesocrystals, i.e., crystals with lattice constants ranging from submicrons to tens of microns [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. More recently, two-dimensional, or planar, colloidal crystals have been observed through a number of self-assembly techniques such as magnetic hole formed with nonmagnetic particles in a ferrofluid [12], fieldinduced assembly of floating magnetic particles [13], electric-field-induced planar crystal [14], and surfactantmediated colloid crystals [15].In particular, twodimensional magnetic colloidal crystals have afforded fundamental studies on 2D melting and crystallization, mediated with the hexatic phase [16].In this Letter, we report the unexpected discovery that in a certain parameter range of monodispersed magnetic particles, two-dimensional (2D) crystals can be formed on a fluid surface with not just the (hexagonal) triangular lattice, but also with all the other planar crystal symmetries such as the oblique, centered-rectangular, rectangular, and square lattices [17]. These lattice structures, some of which are metastable, can be reversibly tuned by adjusting the polar and azimuthal angles of the magnetic field relative to the surface normal and the symmetry direction of the 2D lattices. Furthermore, by using two different sized magnetic particles, local formations of 2D quasicrystallites with fivefold symmetry were observed. Theoretical predictions based on energy considerations are shown to be in good agreement with the experiments.The spherical magnetic particles are fabricated by coating 52͑62͒-mm and 26͑62͒-mm-sized glass spheres with ϳ2-mm and 1.5-mm-thick nickel layers, respectively. In order to obtain magnetic microspheres with controllable moments, we selected uniform glass microspheres with two different sizes as the initial cores and coated a thin layer of nickel using the electroless plating technique [18]. The nickel-coated microspheres were heated in a vacuum chamber at 400 ± C for 2 h and then annealed at 550 ± C for 3 h. The annealed microspheres possess a small magnetic moment, on the order of 10 26 emu for the larger spheres [19]. The scanning electron microscope images ...

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Laser diffraction determination of the crystalline structure of an electrorheological fluid

Cited by 196 publications

References 6 publications

Dielectric electrorheological fluids: Theory and experiment

Dielectric electrorheological fluids: Theory and experiment

Self-assembly and rheology of dipolar colloids in simple shear studied using multi-particle collision dynamics

Planar Magnetic Colloidal Crystals

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