Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy for the diagnosis of several malignant tissue samples

Abstract

Here, the authors have utilized laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) to distinguish cancerous tissues from normal ones. For this purpose, the plasma emission spectra of the normal and cancerous tissues taken from four different organs of interest, i.e, breast, colon, larynx, and tongue are analyzed via the excitation of a pulsed Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (ND: YAG) laser at 1064 nm. Results show that the abundance of the trace elements such as Ca, Mg, and Na trace elements are elevated in the cancerous tissues with respect to normal ones. In addition, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy and quadrupole-mass spectroscopy are employed to support the findings given by LIBS. Furthermore, the plasma characteristics such as temperature and electron density are probed by data processing of the plasma spectra at local thermal equilibrium condition as an alternative technique to discriminate between the normal and malignant tissues. It is shown that more energetic plasma is created on the neoplastic specimens resulting in higher electron density and plasma temperature due to the corresponding intense atomic/ionic characteristic emissions of species. The simplicity and low cost of processes benefits the physicians to encourage the clinical application of LIBS in near future.

A Review on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy in Different Cancers Diagnosis and Classification

“…They found distinct variations in the density of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) spectral lines in the LIBS spectrum of non-neoplastic and malignant breast and colorectal tissue samples. To differentiate between cancerous in vitro human tissues of interest (breast, colon, larynx, and tongue) and normal ones, Ghasemi et al [33] used the LIBS method. Using the laser mediated plasma spectrum, the trace elements are investigated.…”

Feasibility of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy as a direct raw bile analysis tool for screening of gallbladder cancer

“…Therefore, LIBS has been studied for identication of various diseases including cancer and melanoma as summarized in Table 1, and diverse specimens such as tissues, serums, and nger nails were analyzed. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] The elemental information of Mg, Ca, Na, and/or K has been more commonly adopted in the studies of the listed reports. As seen, LIBS is a potential tool for biomedical diagnosis.…”

High‐sensitivity detection and quantification of CHCl3 vapors in various gas environments based on the photoacoustic spectroscopy

“…Meanwhile, in PA cells operating at pressures higher than 0.1 atm, the surface losses become dominant, as to the quality factor is approximated to be Q ffi Q surf , 38 where d th,j and d nj are thermal and viscous boundary layers which are shown in Equations (11) and (12). 38…”

“…Several common methods have been provided for CHCl 3 vapors trace measurement. Although there are many methods to detect partial gases leaks, but due to the narrow emission spectrum of the lasers, optical methods such as Raman spectroscopy, laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy, laser‐induced fluorescence, and different infrared (IR) spectroscopic methods have a notable advantage over electrochemical and other methods. In addition, quartz‐enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) and quartz tuning fork are recent photothermal techniques that were first reported in 2002 and 2018, respectively.…”