Laser Initiation of Non‐Primary Explosive Detonators

Abstract

Aiming to solve the problems caused by primary explosives in traditional detonators, a new kind of non‐primary explosive detonator based on the principle of flying plate detonator is invented. However, in some special circumstances, such as high temperature, strong radiation, strong magnetic field, overload, high‐pressure conditions, the non‐primary explosive detonator cannot work well because of the defects of its usual used initiating method like electric hot wire initiating devices, electric exploding bridge wire initiator, and initiating by a shock‐conducting tube. In this context, initiation by low energy laser is applied to non‐primary explosive detonator. After this combination, the non‐primary explosive detonator performs well in resisting high temperature, high pressure, overload, and electric interference.

Tuning the Energetic Performance of CL-20 by Surface Modification Using Tannic Acid and Energetic Coordination Polymers

“…At the same time, laser detonation has a strong anti-interference ability, high temperature, and pressure resistance, so laser detonation compared to other traditional detonation has safer, more reliable characteristics. 1 , 2 Laser detonation in detonators is primarily achieved by introducing a sufficiently powerful laser pulse directly onto the surface of an insensitive explosive and specific agents respond to the laser pulse at different wavelengths. 3 , 4 The laser starting threshold of traditional lead azide is the lowest, but due to its high sensitivity, 5 , 6 the safety of use cannot be guaranteed.…”

Initiation of CL‐20 Doped with Aluminum Nanoparticles by Using a Laser Pulse through an Optical Fiber

“…Laser initiation is a safe and reliable alternative to conventional mechanical or electrical initiation methods because the former can isolate electrical power and is insensitive to electromagnetism [1,2]. Laser-initiated detonators can be made to respond to light pulses at a specific wavelength.…”

“…The direct initiation of secondary explosives can enhance safety and reduce the risk of accidents [9,10]. As a secondary explosive, pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) has been initiated by a short laser pulse, but the initiation threshold is greater than 120 J/cm 2 [11]. This energy is too high to be transmitted by optical fibers.…”

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The direct laser initiation of 2,4,6,8,10,4,6,8,10, doped with aluminum nanoparticles was conducted using a short laser pulse of Nd:YAG (1064 nm wavelength, 14 ns duration) through a 1 mm diameter optical fiber. The effects of aluminum nanoparticles on thermal stability, light absorption, and laser initiation energy were investigated.

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Near‐Infrared Laser Initiation Mechanism of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Doped with Aluminum Nanoparticles

“…Comparatively, near-infrared laser is more suitable as initiation source for its lower price and smaller volume. However, the initiation by NIR laser has been limited by lack of photosensitive explosives with safe mechanical sensitivity [7][8]. Photosensitive explosives, such as tetraammine-cis-bis(5-nitrotetrazolato-N 2 )-cobalt(III) perchlorate (BNCP) [9], bis(3-hydrazino-4-amino-1,2,4-triazole) metal(II) perchlorates [10], tris(carbohydrazide) metal(II) perchlorates [11], and Fe(II) tetrazine complexes [12], have been prepared and successfully initiated by NIR laser.…”