Laser sintering of graphene nanoplatelets encapsulated polyamide powders

Chen, Binling; Davies, Richard J.; Liu, Yaan; Nan, Yi; Qiang, Dayuan; Zhu, Yanqiu; Ghita, Oana

doi:10.1016/j.addma.2020.101363

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Glass bead/PA12 [161a] Cu/PA12 [200] CF/PA12 [201] GF/PA12 [202] Carbon black/PA12 [203] OMMT/PP [140] GNP a) /PEEK [190b] • MWCNT/PA12 [189,191,204] MWCNT/TPU [190a,204a] SWCNT b) /TPU [205] Carbon black/PA12 [206] Graphene/TPU [192] OMMT/PP [140] GNP/PEEK [190b] GNP/PA12 [207] • Low cost • Moderate filler dispersion on powder particle surfaces • Good interfacial interaction possible • Solvent intensive Melt blending and mechanical grinding CNF/PA12 [194] OMMT/PP [140] BaTiO 3 /PA11 [162] • Good filler dispersion in powder particles • Good interfacial interaction possible • Irregular particle shape • Poor powder flowability • Particle rounding or other post-processing treatment required…”

Section: Dry Mixingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress on Polymer Materials for Additive Manufacturing

Tan

Zhu

Zhou

2020

Adv Funct Materials

488

238

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Additive manufacturing (AM) is the process of printing 3D objects in a layer-by-layer manner. Polymers and their composites are some of the most widely used materials in modern industries and are of great interest in the field of AM due to their vast potential for various applications, especially in the medical, aerospace, and automotive industries. Many studies have been conducted to develop new polymer materials for AM techniques, which include vat photopolymerization, material jetting, powder bed fusion, material extrusion, binder jetting, and sheet lamination. Although several reviews on the development of polymer materials for AM have been published, most of them only focus on a specific application, process, or type of material. Therefore, this article serves to provide a comprehensive review on the progress in polymer material development for AM techniques. It begins with an introduction to different AM techniques, followed by highlighting the progress of their development. Material requirements, notable advances in newly developed materials and their potential applications are discussed in detail and summarized. This review concludes by identifying the major challenges currently encountered in using AM for polymer materials and providing insights into the valuable opportunities it presents, in hopes of spurring further development in this field.

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Section: Dry Mixingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress on Polymer Materials for Additive Manufacturing

Tan

Zhu

Zhou

2020

Adv Funct Materials

488

238

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“…In addition to the effect of carbon fibers on the mechanical properties of polymer parts, there are different fiber materials that can be used as an additive in polymer matrix to add functional properties to the L-PBF generated parts [ 123 ]. The dispersion may be improved by adding matrix-compatibilization chemicals [ 26 , 124 ]. Note that carbon nanoparticle deposited on polymer powders already has an effect at very low weight loadings of 0.005 vol%, affecting crystallization orientation during L-PBF, as has been recently shown by Sommereyns et al [ 125 ].…”

Section: As-built Part Properties Of Polymer Powder Feedstocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Polymers: Quantitative Research Direction Indices

et al. 2021

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Research on Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) of polymer powder feedstocks has raised over the last decade due to the increased utilization of the fabricated parts in aerospace, automotive, electronics, and healthcare applications. A total of 600 Science Citation Indexed articles were published on the topic of L-PBF of polymer powder feedstocks in the last decade, being cited more than 10,000 times leading to an h-index of 46. This study statistically evaluates the 100 most cited articles to extract reported material, process, and as-built part properties to analyze the research trends. PA12, PEEK, and TPU are the most employed polymer powder feedstocks, while size, flowability, and thermal behavior are the standardly reported material properties. Likewise, process properties such as laser power, scanning speed, hatch spacing, powder layer thickness, volumetric energy density, and areal energy density are extracted and evaluated. In addition, material and process properties of the as-built parts such as tensile test, flexural test, and volumetric porosity contents are analyzed. The incorporation of additives is found to be an effective route to enhance mechanical and functional properties. Carbon-based additives are typically employed in applications where mechanical properties are essential. Carbon fibers, Ca-phosphates, and SiO2 are the most reported additives in the evaluated SCI-expanded articles for L-PBF of polymer powder feedstocks. A comprehensive data matrix is extracted from the evaluated SCI-index publications, and a principal component analysis (PCA) is performed to explore correlations between reported material, process, and as-built parts.

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“…Nevertheless, the scarce literature makes it hard to systematically correlate the processing behavior and part properties in PBF-LB to the nanoparticle dispersion. The variety of additivation methods aggravates this problem since the dispersion quality is strongly related to the nanoparticle synthesis and polymer additivation method [30,35,36], e.g., insufficient dispersion of aggregated gas phase-synthesized nanoparticles after dry coating of polymer powder or enhanced dispersion after wet coating [37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Nanoparticle Dispersion and Its Effect on the Crystalline Microstructure in Carbon-Additivated PA12 Feedstock Material for Laser Powder Bed Fusion

et al. 2020

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Driven by the rapid development of additive manufacturing technologies and the trend towards mass customization, the development of new feedstock materials has become a key aspect. Additivation of the feedstock with nanoparticles is a possible route for tailoring the feedstock material to the printing process and to modify the properties of the printed parts. This study demonstrates the colloidal additivation of PA12 powder with laser-synthesized carbon nanoparticles at >95% yield, focusing on the dispersion of the nanoparticles on the polymer microparticle surface at nanoparticle loadings below 0.05 vol%. In addition to the descriptors “wt%” and “vol%”, the descriptor “surf%” is discussed for characterizing the quantity and quality of nanoparticle loading based on scanning electron microscopy. The functionalized powders are further characterized by confocal dark field scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, powder rheology measurements (avalanche angle and Hausner ratio), and regarding their processability in laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB). We find that heterogeneous nucleation is induced even at a nanoparticle loading of just 0.005 vol%. Finally, analysis of the effect of low nanoparticle loadings on the final parts’ microstructure by polarization microscopy shows a nanoparticle loading-dependent change of the dimensions of the lamellar microstructures within the printed part.

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Laser sintering of graphene nanoplatelets encapsulated polyamide powders

Cited by 20 publications

References 23 publications

Recent Progress on Polymer Materials for Additive Manufacturing

Recent Progress on Polymer Materials for Additive Manufacturing

Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Polymers: Quantitative Research Direction Indices

Analysis of the Nanoparticle Dispersion and Its Effect on the Crystalline Microstructure in Carbon-Additivated PA12 Feedstock Material for Laser Powder Bed Fusion

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