Late Devensian and Holocene records of relative sea-level changes in northwest Scotland and their implications for glacio-hydro-isostatic modelling

Shennan, Ian; Lambeck, Kurt; Horton, Benjamin P.; Innés, James B.; Lloyd, Jeremy M.; McArthur, Jennifer J; Purcell, Anthony; Rutherford, Mairead

doi:10.1016/s0277-3791(99)00089-x

Cited by 121 publications

(243 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The hyperparameters σ m 2 , τ, and σ n 2 are tuned separately for each site to maximize the marginal likelihood of the model conditional upon the observations at that site. The reported rates of sea-level change are average rates calculated over the Selected relative sea-level reconstructions from Arisaig, Scotland [121], Baltic Coast of Sweden [122], Rotterdam, Netherlands [123], Southern France [138], Tunisia [138], Nile, Egypt [141], Langebaan…”

Section: Rsl Histories and Application Of Gaussian Process Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Holocene Relative Sea-Level Changes from Near-, Intermediate-, and Far-Field Locations

Khan

Ashe

Shaw

et al. 2015

Curr Clim Change Rep

129

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Holocene relative sea-level (RSL) records exhibit spatial and temporal variability that arises mainly from the interaction of eustatic (land ice volume and thermal expansion) and isostatic (glacio-and hydro-) factors. We fit RSL histories from near-, intermediate-, and far-field locations with noisy-input Gaussian process models to assess rates of RSL change. Records from near-field regions (e.g., Antarctica, Greenland, Canada, Sweden, and Scotland) reveal a complex pattern of RSL fall from a maximum marine limit due to the net effect of eustatic sea-level rise and glacio-isostatic uplift with rates of RSL fall as great as −69±9 m/ka. Intermediatefield regions (e.g., mid-Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the USA, Netherlands, Southern France, St. Croix) display variable rates of RSL rise from the cumulative effect of eustatic and isostatic factors. Fast rates of RSL rise (up to 10±1 m/ka) are found in the early Holocene in regions near the center of forebulge collapse. Far-field RSL records exhibit a midHolocene highstand, the timing (between 8 and 4 ka) and magnitude (between <1 and 6 m) of which varies among South America, Africa, Asia, and Oceania regions.

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Section: Rsl Histories and Application Of Gaussian Process Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sea-level index points from isolation basins of Arisaig, northwest Scotland [121], where LGM ice thickness was 900 m, show RSL fall from 40 to 36 m at~16 ka to~3 m above present at 11 ka (Fig. 4a).…”

Section: Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Holocene Relative Sea-Level Changes from Near-, Intermediate-, and Far-Field Locations

Khan

Ashe

Shaw

et al. 2015

Curr Clim Change Rep

129

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This increased C storage has been attributed to climate change and increased productivity (MacDonald et al, 2006;Yu et al, 2011). However, this period also would have corresponded to early stages of peatland development following retreat of ice sheets and substantial increases in storage could be associated with wetland evolution via lake filling (e.g., Kubiw et al, 1989) or following marine shoreline emergence (e.g., Shennan et al, 1999Shennan et al, , 2000Pendea et al, 2010). Some northern peatlands originated as marine shorelines emerged from the sea, isostatically recovering from crustal depression caused by ice sheets (e.g., Shennan et al, 2000;Pendea et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A high-resolution record of carbon accumulation rates during boreal peatland initiation

Pendea

Chmura

2012

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Boreal peatlands are a major global C sink, thus having important feedbacks to climate. A decreased concentration in atmospheric CO 2 7000-10 000 yr ago has been linked to variations in peatland C accumulation rates attributed to a warm climate and increased productivity. Yet, this period also corresponds to early stages of peatland development (as peatland was expanding) following retreat of ice sheets and increases in C storage could be associated with wetland evolution via lake filling or following marine shoreline emergence. Unravelling past links amongst peatland dynamics, C storage, and climate will help us assess potential feedbacks from future changes in these systems, but most studies are hampered by low temporal resolution. Here we provide a decadal scale C accumulation record for a fen that has begun transformation from salt marsh within the last 70 yr on the isostatically rebounding coast of James Bay, Québec. We determined time frames for wetland stages using palynological analyses to reconstruct ecological change and 210 Pb and 137 Cs to date the deposit. The average short-term C accumulation rates during the low and high tidal marsh and incipient fen stage (42, 87 and 182 g C m −2 yr −1 , respectively) were as much as six times higher than the global longterm (millennial) average for northern peatlands. We suggest that the atmospheric CO 2 flux during the early Holocene could be attributed, in part, to wetland evolution associated with isostatic rebound, which makes land for new wetland formation. Future climate warming will increase eustatic sea level, decrease rates of land emergence and formation of new coastal wetlands, ultimately decreasing rates of C storage of wetlands on rebounding coastlines.

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“…This information derived from sea-level index points has been employed to inform empirical isobase models of the uplift in Scotland using trend surface analyses [7,8], as well as to calibrate theoretical GIA models that rely on Earth mantle rheology and ice-sheet history [2,[9][10][11][12]. The latter approach faces a common modelling problem, namely a trade-off between Earth mantle parameters that leads to non-uniqueness of the solutions [13,14]. On the other hand, current short-term rates of GIA have been measured using different geodetic techniques in Great Britain, mainly Continuous GPS and Absolute Gravimetry (AG).…”

Section: The Spatial Pattern Of Gia In Greatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ivestigating Glacial Isostatic Adjustement in Scotland with INSAR and GPS observation

Stockamp¹,

Li²,

Bishop³

et al. 2015

Proceedings of Fringe 2015: Advances in the Science and Applications of SAR Interferometry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop

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Understanding the effects of glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) is essential for the assessment of past and future sea-level trends. This study examines the applicability of Small Baseline InSAR to measure GIA-induced vertical land movement in Northern Britain. Different SAR sensors are utilized to cover a time frame of about 20 years. The aim is to establish the spatial distribution of GIA along the coast and uplift centre of Scotland in greater detail compared to results from conventional geodetic techniques, which are interpolated from point measurements. A range of possible error sources within the InSAR processing chain, that lead to orbital and atmospheric artefacts, require to be addressed in order to allow the extraction of any GIA deformation signal. Continuous GPS (CGPS) station coordinates thus need to be integrated with the InSAR data.

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Late Devensian and Holocene records of relative sea-level changes in northwest Scotland and their implications for glacio-hydro-isostatic modelling

Cited by 121 publications

References 44 publications

Holocene Relative Sea-Level Changes from Near-, Intermediate-, and Far-Field Locations

Holocene Relative Sea-Level Changes from Near-, Intermediate-, and Far-Field Locations

A high-resolution record of carbon accumulation rates during boreal peatland initiation

Ivestigating Glacial Isostatic Adjustement in Scotland with INSAR and GPS observation

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