Late Devensian glaciotectonic deformation at St Bees, Cumbria: a critical wedge model

Williams, G. D.; Brabham, Peter; Eaton, G. P.; Harris, Charles

doi:10.1144/jgs.158.1.125

Cited by 40 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Glasser et al, 2011;Carrivick et al, 2012;Hannesdóttir et al, 2015), or else using geophysically-obtained stratigraphy data to produce restored cross-sections via consideration of plain strain conditions (e.g. Williams et al, 2001). …”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term geomorphological evolution of proglacial systems

2017

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Proglacial systems are amongst the most rapidly changing landscapes on Earth, as glacier mass loss, permafrost degradation and more episodes of intense rainfall progress with climate change. This review addresses the urgent need to quantitatively define proglacial systems not only in terms of spatial extent but also in terms of functional processes. It firstly provides a critical appraisal of prevailing conceptual models of proglacial systems, and uses this to justify compiling data on rates of landform change in terms of planform, horizontal motion, elevation changes and sediment budgets. These data permit us to produce novel summary conceptual diagrams that consider proglacial landscape evolution in terms of a balance of longitudinal and lateral water and sediment fluxes. Throughout, we give examples of newly emerging datasets and data processing methods because these have the potential to assist with the issues of: (i) a lack of knowledge of proglacial systems within high-mountain, arctic and polar regions, (ii) considerable inter-and intracatchment variability in the geomorphology and functioning of proglacial systems, (iii) problems with the magnitude of short-term geomorphological changes being at the threshold of detection, (iv) separating short-term variability from longer-term trends, and (v) of the representativeness of plot-scale field measurements for regionalisation and for upscaling. We consider that understanding of future climate change effects on proglacial systems requires holistic process-based modelling to explicitly consider feedbacks and linkages, especially between hillslope and valley-floor components.Such modelling must be informed by a new generation of repeated distributed topographic surveys to detect and quantify short-term geomorphological changes.

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term geomorphological evolution of proglacial systems

2017

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“…Work on the sedimentary and structural legacy of ice streams (Clark and Stokes, 2003), although limited, is also increasing. For example, work by Evans and Ó Cofaigh (2003) in southern Ireland, Harris et al, (1997) and Thomas and Chiverrell (2007) in northwest Wales, Williams et al, (2001) in Cumbria, and Thomas et al, (2004) and Roberts et al, (2007) on the Isle of Man, has shown that the sediments at the margin of the Late Devensian Irish Sea Ice Stream were pervasively deformed as it retreated from its maximum extent in the Celtic Sea (Scourse and Furze, 2001). The polyphase deformation histories recorded by these often complex sedimentary successions have been equated with repeated phases of readvance during retreat of a highly dynamic ice sheet margin (Thomas and Chiverrell, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bedrock controls on subglacial landform distribution and geomorphological processes: Evidence from the Late Devensian Irish Sea Ice Stream

Phillips

Everest

Diaz-Doce

2010

Sedimentary Geology

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Ice streams play an important role as regulators of the behaviour of modern ice sheets, taking the form of corridors of fast flowing ice. Similar zones of fast moving ice have also been recognised draining the margins of the Late Devensian British and Irish Ice Sheet. Although the geomorphological and sedimentary signatures of palaeo ice streams have received significant attention, allowing the identification of these former ice streams, the influence of bedrock geology on the processes occurring beneath these palaeo ice streams is less well understood, even though subglacial geology has been shown to control the location ice streams within the West Antarctic Ice Steam. This paper highlights the role played by bedrock geology on landform distribution beneath a much older ice stream, the Late Devensian Irish Sea Ice Stream. The spatial relationships displayed between subglacial landforms and bedrock geology are described from Anglesey, northwest Wales, and the Rhins of Galloway, southwest Scotland; both sites occur close to the eastern margin of this Irish Sea Ice Stream. A link has been established between landform morphology and distribution, and the disposition of the main tectonostratigraphical units within the bedrock. Changes in landform morphology are shown to have been locally controlled by large-scale faults and/or major lithological boundaries, with less durable bedrock lithologies controlling the location and lateral extent of relatively faster flowing portions of the ice stream.

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“…Interpretations of the primary sedimentary and tectonic structures within the exposure were made using line drawings (e.g. Williams et al, 2001;Phillips et al, 2002). Particle size analyses on the key lithofacies were conducted on riffled bulk samples of c. 200 g using wet sieving.…”

Section: Geological and Structural Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%