Late Holocene transformations of lower montane forest in the Beskid Wyspowy Mountains (Western Carpathians, Central Europe): a case study from Mount Mogielica

Czerwiński, Sambor; Margielewski, Włodzimierz; Gałka, Mariusz; Kołaczek, Piotr

doi:10.1080/01916122.2019.1617207

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…A similar rhythm of vegetational changes with supposed human impact indicators at the level of the Subboreal period and permanent anthropogenic transformations since the beginning of the Subatlantic has also been registered in the neighbouring regions: in the Beskid Wyspowy Mountains, the Beskid Makowski Mountains and Podhale Basin (Koperowa 1961;Obidowicz 1990;Margielewski, Zernitskaya 2003;Czerwiński et al 2019). In the upper section of the Ochotnica River valley, deep in the Gorce Mountains, the human impact on the local environment did not manifest before the Middle Ages (Bucała et al 2014).…”

Section: Geographical and Environmental Contextsupporting

confidence: 61%

Familiarising the landscape: the development of prehistoric settlement in the middle Dunajec River valley

Markiewicz

2020

Acta Archaeol. Carpath.

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Despite the continuous increase of archaeological data coming from the Polish Western Carpathians, the colonisation process of the Beskidy Mountains in prehistory is still relatively poorly recognized. The subject of discussion is, in particular, the impact of environmental and cultural factors on the formation of settlement networks in individual periods. This paper considers these questions on the example of a part of the middle Dunajec River basin in the chronological framework from the Neolithic to the La Tène period. Based on the archaeological and paleoenvironmental record, an analysis of settlement dynamics in terms of preferences and economy in the subsequent periods was carried out. The observations made were then interpreted in the context of cultural phenomena. A comparison of the results with the situation observed in other Central European mountain ranges made it possible to formulate some universal tendencies in the settlement development in these zones. In particular, the impact of climate and environmental conditions on the economy was considered, as well as the role of natural resources and communication routes. It has been demonstrated that three main stages can be distinguished in the process of prehistoric mountain colonisation. This mechanism was correlated with the gradual adaptation of the economy and the “familiarising” of the mountain landscape, which offered both some limitations and strategic values determining the specific cultural function of these areas.

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Section: Geographical and Environmental Contextsupporting

confidence: 61%

Familiarising the landscape: the development of prehistoric settlement in the middle Dunajec River valley

Markiewicz

2020

Acta Archaeol. Carpath.

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“…At the lower altitudes of mountains (300-600 m a.s.l. ), in the plains and more continental parts of the Carpathians, F. sylvatica expanded around 4800-4000 cal yr BP (Czerwiński et al, 2019;Grindean et al, 2014) or between 3700-3000 cal yr BP (Magri, 2008;Magyari, 2002; at latest.…”

Section: When Did Beech Colonize the Local Forest? What Are The Chances For Its Survival Under Global Warming?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure matters: Forest dynamics reveal an early Holocene conifer refugium on a north facing slope in Central Europe

et al. 2020

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Although several studies provide a broad overview of vegetation changes in the Carpathian Basin during the Holocene, stand-scale vegetation changes are lesser known because of the rarity of suitable sampling sites. In this study we investigated the sediment of a small closed-canopy site (Nagy-forrás forest hollow, 685 m a.s.l., 0.1 ha), located in the Mátra Mountains, on the north facing slope of Kékes (1014 m a.s.l.). We carried out detailed pollen, conifer stomata and plant macrofossil analyses, as well as radiocarbon dating to examine Late Glacial and Holocene dynamics of vegetation development. The site dates back to ca. 15,500 cal yr BP, when open boreal forests and wet tundra-like habitats occurred around the hollow. Closed forest cover developed around 14,600 cal yr BP, when a boreal European larch-Swiss stone pine ( Larix decidua-Pinus cembra) forest surrounded the hollow. This vegetation type remained stable up to 7700 cal yr BP. We observed a hiatus between 7700 and 2710 cal yr BP, followed by a beech ( Fagus sylvatica) dominated mixed temperate deciduous forest. Our results confirmed that the area was covered by a primary forest, as human influence was visible only from 175 cal yr BP. The relatively long lasting persistence of Pinus cembra in the Holocene at relatively low altitude was documented, which has never been found in Holocene sediments in the Pre-Carpathians before. We hypothesize that the north facing slope acted as a cold-stage refugium in the Early Holocene and could play the same role for the present-day beech forest that is threatened by recent climate change.

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“…and the Beskid Wyspowy Mts. (Margielewski, 2006(Margielewski, , 2018, as well as the forma tion of nu mer ous min eral and illuvial ho ri zons in peat (Margielewski, 2006;Margielewski et al, 2010;Czerwiñski et al, 2019). In ter est ingly, the global hu mid pe riod at 3300-2500 cal BP (Wan ner et al, 2011) which caused the reju ve na tion of the Zawadowskie land slide zone is not clearly reflected in the depositional se quence of the nearby Zawadowskie Lake (Fig.…”

Section: The Formation Of Landslides In the Gorce Mts In Relation Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

Dating landslides in the Gorce Mts. (Polish Outer Carpathians) – preliminary results

Buczek

2019

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Pre lim i nary re sults of dat ing land slides in the Gorce Mts. (Pol ish Outer Carpathians) are given, where ages of land slide ac tivity have been poorly con strained. Four land slide zones with minerogenic mires (fens) were se lected in or der to de ter mine the age of land slide move ments, with depositional se quences of six fens be ing in ves ti gated by bore holes. Con ven tional ra diocar bon dat ing of wood sam ples from min eral sed i ments seal ing the land slide de pres sions was car ried out to es tab lish the age of land slide for ma tion or re ju ve na tion. Loss on ig ni tion anal y ses were ob tained at 2.5 cm in ter vals along the cores to in dicate pos si ble de liv ery of allochthonous ma te rial into the peat bogs. Land slide for ma tion in the Gorce Mts. cor re sponds to phases of mass move ment hith erto iden ti fied in the Pol ish Outer Carpathians. In creased mass move ments ac tiv ity in the Gorce Mts. re late to cold and hu mid pe ri ods of the Ho lo cene which oc curred: ~11.1 ka cal BP, 8.6-8.0 cal BP; 6.5-5.9 ka cal BP, 4.8-4.5 cal BP, 3.3-2.5 cal BP and 1.75-1.35 cal BP. Loss on ig ni tion anal y ses re vealed changes in sed i men ta tion in the land slide mires such as for ma tion of min eral and illuvial ho ri zons in peat se quences, and min eral cov ers over ly ing fens, as so ci ated with hu mid cli ma tic phases of the Ho lo cene. Key words: ra dio car bon datings, land slide fen, mass move ment ac tiv ity, Ho lo cene, Flysch Carpathians.

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Late Holocene transformations of lower montane forest in the Beskid Wyspowy Mountains (Western Carpathians, Central Europe): a case study from Mount Mogielica

Cited by 13 publications

References 61 publications

Familiarising the landscape: the development of prehistoric settlement in the middle Dunajec River valley

Familiarising the landscape: the development of prehistoric settlement in the middle Dunajec River valley

Exposure matters: Forest dynamics reveal an early Holocene conifer refugium on a north facing slope in Central Europe

Dating landslides in the Gorce Mts. (Polish Outer Carpathians) – preliminary results

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