Late Pleistocene drainage systems beneath Delaware Bay

Quaternary sea-level history of the United States

“…Earlier channels of these rivers passed through the region that is now the southern Delmarva Peninsula, which has migrated southward during the mid-to-late Pleistocene evolution of this drainage pattern. Chen et al (1995) recognized the extension of this paleochannel network onto the inner shelf of southeastern Virginia, and Knebel & Circe (1988) identified comparable features in Delaware Bay. The VLPG value of 0.49 represents a unit that apparently fills the Exmore paleochannel, considered to be between 300,000 and 500,000 yr old, based on comparisons of racemization and U-Th data from the region.…”

Ground-water hydrology and simulation of saltwater encroachment, shallow aquifer system of southern Cape May County, New Jersey

“…1) is a region of low topographic relief consisting of gently rolling plains with tidally influenced salt marshes and estuaries along its coast. The peninsula was created during the southward migration of the ancestral drainage channels beneath Delaware Bay during Pleistocene glacial and interglacial time (Knebel and Circe, 1988). An extensive swamp separates the peninsula from the mainland part of the County.…”

Hydrogeology of, ground-water withdrawals from, and saltwater intrusion in the shallow aquifer system of Cape May County, New Jersey

“…2 and 4-7) were updated and extended to encompass the study area by using data from a variety of sources, including Zapecza (1989), Trapp (1992), Knebel and Circe (1988), Williams and others (1985), G.N. Paulachok (U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1987), I.…”