Late Pleistocene hydrological settings at world heritage Tsodilo Hills (NW Kalahari, Botswana), a site of ancient human occupation

Precipitation Over Southern Africa: Moisture Sources and Isotopic Composition

“…Geppert et al. (2021) reconstructed the paleo‐hydrological setting of the Tsodilo site with multiple lake phases and concluded that periods with higher precipitation/lower evaporation were more extended than previously assumed (Thomas et al., 2003). In the nowadays dry central Kalahari, huge lakes existed repeatedly during the last 100 ka (Burrough, Thomas, & Bailey, 2009; Riedel et al., 2014; Schmidt et al., 2017).…”

“…Geppert et al. (2021) emphasized that, beside climate, tectonic processes may have played a major role, particularly by the redirection of river systems (Carney et al., 1994; Riedel et al., 2014; Ringrose et al., 2005).…”

“…The past substantial climate changes are reflected in the landscape by paleo‐river beds, lake basins, and their paleo‐shorelines (Burrough, Thomas, & Bailey, 2009; Riedel et al., 2014) and are archived in sediments (Geppert et al., 2021; Hahn et al., 2021; Wiese et al., 2020) and speleothems (Braun et al., 2020; Chase et al., 2021; Holmgren et al., 2003; Talma & Vogel, 1992). Regarding the last centuries, trees (de Mil et al., 2021; Huffman & Woodborne, 2016) archive climate signals in high resolution and narrative evidence interlinks with synoptical data (Nash et al., 2021; Nicholson et al., 2018).…”