Late time cosmic acceleration from natural infrared cutoff

Abstract

In this paper, inspired by the ultraviolet deformation of the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker geometry in loop quantum cosmology, we formulate an infrared-modified cosmological model. We obtain the associated deformed Friedmann and Raychaudhuri equations and we show that the late time cosmic acceleration can be addressed by the infrared corrections. As a particular example, we applied the setup to the case of matter dominated universe. This model has the same number of parameters as ΛCDM, but a dynamical dark energy generates in the matter dominated era at the late time. According to our model, as the universe expands, the energy density of the cold dark matter dilutes and when the Hubble parameter approaches to its minimum, the infrared effects dominate such that the effective equation of state parameter smoothly changes from w eff = 0 to w eff = −2. Interestingly and nontrivially, the unstable de Sitter phase with w eff = −1 is corresponding to Ωm = Ω d = 0.5 and the universe crosses the phantom divide from the quintessence phase with w eff > −1 and Ωm > Ω d to the phantom phase with w eff < −1 and Ωm < Ω d which shows that the model is observationally viable. The results show that the universe finally ends up in a big rip singularity for a finite time proportional to the inverse of the minimum of the Hubble parameter. Moreover, we consider the dynamical stability of the model and we show that the universe starts from the matter dominated era at the past attractor with w eff = 0 and ends up in a future attractor at the big rip with w eff = −2.

Vacuum Energy in Saez-Ballester Theory and Stabilization of Extra Dimensions

“…Other than these two, recently, cosmologists and theoretical physicists have been successful in developing other interesting and convincing approaches. In [21], the phenomenon is explained by the infrared corrections. Narain [22] predicts that an Ultraviolet Complete Theory leads to the expansion.…”

Probing Planck-scale spacetime by cavity opto-atomic $^{87}$Rb interferometry

“…Also in [21] it is shown that by taking GUP in the context of extra dimensions theories, there is a possibility to agree with the outcomes of LHC which claims no black holes are recognizable around 5 TeV [22]. Since a deformation of Heisenberg uncertainty principle affects various quantum phenomena, some efforts have been made to understand phenomenological aspects of GUP models in the context of astrophysics, cosmology and high energy physics in recent years, see for instance [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. The consequence of GUP on the physics of white dwarf stars also studied in [32][33][34].…”

Planck scale effects on the stochastic gravitational wave background generated from cosmological hadronization transition: A qualitative study

“…Besides, studies carried out so far, confirm the point that the natural cutoff approaches make remarkable contributions in cosmological and astrophysical systems, for instance we can mention the Refs. [39][40][41][42]. In this paper, the QGP phase includes two massless quark flavors with zero chemical potential which at a HG-QGP phase thermodynamic equilibrium is affected by the underlying GUP modifications.…”