Lateral Reactive Infiltration in a Vertical Gabbroic Crystal Mush, Skaergaard Intrusion, East Greenland

Namur, Olivier; Humphreys, Madeleine C. S.; Holness, Marian B.

doi:10.1093/petrology/egt003

Cited by 36 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 153 publications

(184 reference statements)

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“…In the following, we describe examples that demonstrate that these processes in fact are of major importance for the development of layering in magma chambers (Charlier et al 2011;Namur et al 2012aNamur et al , 2013 Upton et al (1996). Courtesy of B. Upton ) and the liquid ( ρ 2 ; kg/m 3 ) and the viscosity of the liquid (η ; Ns/ m 2 ).…”

Section: Layers and Layeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2.5c; see also Conrad and Naslund 1989) or may be different as a result of various processes such as contrasted interstitial liquid fractions (Barnes 1986;Conrad and Naslund 1989), injection of new liquid in the magma chamber (e.g. individual layers crystallized from different parent magmas; (Irvine 1975), interstitial liquid migration and chemical diffusion within the crystal mush (Holness et al 2007;Namur et al 2013;Leuthold et al 2014), change in intensive conditions of crystallization (Pang et al 2008;Cawthorn and Ashwal 2009), or simply melt evolution due to fractional crystallization. In some cases, some minerals may have similar compositions in successive layers (e.g.…”

Section: Layers and Layeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, it is suggested that the dissolution process is controlled by solid-liquid chemical disequilibrium in the crystal mush. Proposed liquid lines of descent for the Skaergaard intrusion (Toplis and Carroll 1996;Tegner and Cawthorn 2010) have been used by Namur et al (2013) to calculate olivine and plagioclase equilibrium compositions (Toplis 2005;Namur et al 2012b). Results indicate that for a given difference of liquid composition between the initial mush liquid and the new infiltrating liquid, the chemical disequilibrium between olivine (and presumably other mafic phases) and the new liquid will be much greater than for plagioclase.…”

Section: Layering Due To Magma Migration During Crystal Mush Contractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Igneous Layering in Basaltic Magma Chambers

et al. 2015

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PrefaceLayered intrusions have received continuous interest since the publication of the treatise on 'Layered Igneous Rocks' by Lawrence Wager and Malcolm Brown, updated in books edited by Ian Parsons in 1987 and Grant Cawthorn in 1996. The study of these fossilized magma chambers keep inspiring a number of scientists with a range of interests including petrology and igneous differentiation, geochronology, geochemistry, mineralogy, rock textures and fabric, fluid dynamics, and ore deposits. The goal of this book is to further our understanding of magma chamber processes and crystal-liquid relationship during magma cooling magma. Physical and chemical processes are now better quantified thanks to the development analytical and computing tools such as compositional mapping, 3D X-ray computed tomography, in situ analyses for trace elements and isotopes, development of new experimental facilities, and progress in instrument sensitivity.The book is subdivided into two parts. The first includes reviews and new views on chronological, textural, mineralogical, geochemical, and magnetic characteristics of layered igneous rocks. The second part reviews recent progress in the study of layered intrusions. A newcomer on the layered intrusions scene is the Panzhihua intrusion (SW China) that has been intensively studied recently. Reviews of recent findings for Sept Iles, Bushveld, Kiglapait, Ilímaussaq, and layered rocks in ophiolites are also presented. Interest in layered intrusions is also driven by their natural resources. Many intrusions host world-class ore bodies of chromium, platinum group elements (PGE), vanadium, titanium and phosphorous. Ore-forming processes and important deposits associated with layered intrusions are described and their origin is discussed.The objective of this book is to outline the most recent ideas and challenges in the study of layered igneous bodies. It has also the purpose to aid in teaching, and to encourage new studies to tackle major issues in the understanding of magma chamber processes and associated ore-forming processes.The book has benefited from detailed comments by a many reviewers, who are greatly acknowledged:

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Section: Layers and Layeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Layers and Layeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Layering Due To Magma Migration During Crystal Mush Contractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Igneous Layering in Basaltic Magma Chambers

et al. 2015

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“…Although basaltic magma chambers can be mapped along a few hundreds of kilometers worldwide, such as many layered intrusions (eg. Smith & Kapp 1963, Namur et al 2013, the existence of small basaltic magma chambers have been proved by geophysical and geochemical studies in slow-spreading ridge segments in the ocean floor (eg. Sleep 1975).…”

Section: Petrogenetic Modelmentioning

confidence: 98%

The petrogenesis of tholeiitic diabases in eastern Parnaíba Basin: evidence for geochemical heterogeneities in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle in NE Brazil

et al. 2017

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“…Intimately linked to this problem are issues of quantifying crystal mush rheology and the effect increasingly smaller volumes of intercumulus melt have on the cumulus framework as the solidus is approached, as well as the thicknesses which the crystal mush pile reaches. Concerning the latter, mush thicknesses from 10's of metres up to 100's of metres are currently suggested for the Skaergaard Intrusion in the literature (Tegner et al 2009;McKenzie 2011;Namur et al 2013), highlighting how poorly this issue is resolved. AMS is a very sensitive indicator of fabric, and combined with careful petrographic observations would be a very useful tool to investigate these issues, via high spatial resolution correlations of AMS fabric shape and intensity variations with cumulate texture throughout stratigraphic height.…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Significance of Magnetic Fabric in Layered Mafic-Ultramafic Intrusions

et al. 2015

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Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) has been recognised as a well-established fabric analysis tool for intrusive igneous rocks since the 1990s. The AMS technique provides directional information for magnetic foliation and magnetic lineation fabric components of the AMS ellipsoid, potentially coupled with a quantification of the overall fabric strength and geometry. The magnetic susceptibility (and therefore the AMS) of igneous rocks is often dominated by ferromagnetic mineral phases such as magnetite or low-Ti titanomagnetite, even where present in very minor amounts (e.g., ~ 0.1 vol.%). Fe-bearing silicates exhibit subordinate paramagnetic behaviour but are volumetrically much more important constituents of igneous rocks than Fe-Ti oxides, so may also contribute considerably to the AMS.A significant application of AMS is in the characterisation, constraint and quantification of very weak or subtle mineral fabrics related to flow or tectonic deformation. In particular, studies of magnetic fabrics in sheet intrusions and in granite plutons have enormously enhanced our understanding of the magma flow regimes and emplacement kinematics in these settings. Studies of AMS in layered maficultramafic intrusions have been comparatively sparse. This is despite the fact that magnetic fabrics from layered cumulates may provide information on a range of magma chamber processes, from initial magma emplacement to cumulate textural evolution and solidification, if accompanied by careful petrographic documentation and an understanding of the 'magnetic mineralogy' of the rock. A wide array of rock magnetic and complementary quantitative fabric analysis techniques can be employed to support an AMS dataset in this regard. With studies of layered mafic-ultramafic intrusions currently proceeding at unprecedented (micro-)scales of textural and geochemical detail, AMS offers petrologists a unique approach to investigating the microstructure of cumulates and the textural complexity they exhibit.

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Lateral Reactive Infiltration in a Vertical Gabbroic Crystal Mush, Skaergaard Intrusion, East Greenland

Cited by 36 publications

References 153 publications

Igneous Layering in Basaltic Magma Chambers

Igneous Layering in Basaltic Magma Chambers

The petrogenesis of tholeiitic diabases in eastern Parnaíba Basin: evidence for geochemical heterogeneities in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle in NE Brazil

The Significance of Magnetic Fabric in Layered Mafic-Ultramafic Intrusions

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