Laundry Detergents: An Overview

Abstract

Nowadays laundry detergents are becoming increasingly popular as they can be metered automatically into the washing machine, impart softness, antistaticness, resiliency to fabrics, mild to eyes and skins and shows good dispersibility in water. Because it is consumed when it is used, the sale of laundry detergent is a rather large business. There are many different kinds or brands of laundry detergent sold, many of them claiming some special qualities as selling points. A Laundry detergent composition is a formulated mixture of raw materials that can be classified into different types based on their properties and function in the final product. The different classes of raw materials are surfactants, builders, bleaching agents, enzymes, and minors which remove dirt, stain, and soil from surfaces or textiles gave them pleasant feel and odour. The physico-chemical properties of surfactants make them suitable for laundry purposes. Laundry detergent has traditionally been a powdered or granular solid, but the use of liquid laundry detergents has gradually increased over the years, and these days use of liquid detergent equals or even exceeds use of solid detergent. This review paper describes the history, composition, types, mechanism, consumption, environmental effects and consumption of laundry detergents.

Nonionic Surfactants Enhancing Bactericidal Activity at Their Critical Micelle Concentrations

“…It can be concluded that some nonionic surfactants with EO have a broad capacity to enhance bactericidal activity. Nonionic surfactants with an alkyl group of C12 and EO adduct number of 5-20 are mainly included in a great number of cleaners for their washing properties 8,11 . It is important to adjust the concentration of these nonionic surfactants within the vicinity of their CMC when used in cleaners with bactericides, such as ADBAC, as the bactericidal effects will be greatly improved.…”

“…Nonionic surfactants are also included in cleaning products to increase the washing performance 8,9 . Methyl ester ethoxylates MEE are well-known ester type nonionic surfactants that have superior washing performance 10,11 .…”

Application of biosurfactants for heavy netals leaching from immobilized activated sludge / Zastosowanie biosurfaktantów do wymywania metali ciężkich z immobilizowanego osadu czynnego

“…saponin, tannic acid, JBR 515 -Zn > Cu > Cd JBR 425 -Cd > Zn > Cu The literature data indicate that along with an increasing concentration of surface-active compounds in a washing solution above the CMC, the solubility of organic substances increases proportionally to their concentration, which is linked with their solubilization in micelles (Bajpai et al 2007). In the case of metals, their removal from soil may be due to ionic exchange, precipitation-solubilization or counterions exchange (Doong et al 1998).…”

Virucidal Effects of Bleach Activators, Sodium Alkyl Acyloxybenzene Sulfonate and Acyloxybenzoic Acid, Against Feline calicivirus

“…Oxygen bleaches are usually used to bleach household clothing to maintain color. The active ingredients, such as sodium percarbonate PC and hydrogen peroxide, release perhydroxy anions for bleaching 13,14 . Key words: norovirus, calicivirus, bleach, virucidal effect viruses declines in an alkaline pH.…”