Laxatives: Chemical Structure and. Potency of Phthaleins and Hydroxyanthraquinones

Effects of 1,8-Dihydroxyanthraquinone on Different Segments of Rabbit Gastrointestinal Tract

“…Most animals have been utilized in cathartic testing; the mouse bioassay and the mouse Fiihner cathartic testing techniques are quite commonly used (13, 14). The monkey has been reported to be the most appropriate animal for in uivo cathartic testing (15,16).Although it has been stated that the rabbit is refractive to anthraquinone cathartics (12) and the value of the in vitro intestinal segment testing technique of cathartics has been questioned (1 5), it was the purpose of this study to observe anthraquinone effects on different segments of rabbit gastrointestinal tract and statistically compare these with previously delineated standards (17) in an attempt to develop a technique for drugeffect studies. The most appropriate parameter of measurement and the preferential intestinal segment of the drugs effect were also objectives.…”

“…Most animals have been utilized in cathartic testing; the mouse bioassay and the mouse Fiihner cathartic testing techniques are quite commonly used (13, 14). The monkey has been reported to be the most appropriate animal for in uivo cathartic testing (15,16).…”

Reduction of 3-(carboxyaryl)isocoumarins with sodium borohydride

“…Acids 4 and 5 were synthesized starting from hydroxyphenylisocoumarins 11 [14] and 12 [15]. Further treatment of the obtained esters 13 and 14 with alkali resulted in formation of the open forms of isocoumarins 15 and 16.…”

Laxatives II

“…The laxative potency of these compounds was determined on monkeys, as previously described (1). Until recently, the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulath) was used exclusively because of the close similarity to human reaction to laxatives.…”