Lay health workers in primary and community health care for maternal and child health and the management of infectious diseases

Lewin, Simon; Munabi‐Babigumira, Susan; Glenton, Claire; Daniels, Karen; Bosch‐Capblanch, Xavier; Wyk, Brian van; Odgaard‐Jensen, Jan; Johansen, Marit; Aja, Godwin N.; Zwarenstein, Merrick; Scheel, Inger B.

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd004015.pub3

Cited by 762 publications

(816 citation statements)

References 217 publications

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“…Eng and colleagues (1997) have conceptualized nonspecialist health workers on a spectrum from the “natural helper” (unpaid community members) at one end to the “para‐professional” (paid workers with minimal qualifications, trained, and demonstrating acceptable levels of standardized competencies) at the other. Community health workers have demonstrated effectiveness in increasing access to care (Swider, 2002; Viswanathan et al., 2010), for example, promoting immunization uptake and breastfeeding, improving tuberculosis treatment outcomes, and reducing child morbidity and mortality (Lewin et al., 2010). In the field of mental health, there is robust evidence that lay counselors (a person without professional qualification in mental health care) can be trained to deliver PT effectively for people with depressive and anxiety disorders in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMIC) (van Ginneken et al., 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Systematic Development and Pilot Randomized Evaluation of Counselling for Alcohol Problems, a Lay Counselor‐Delivered Psychological Treatment for Harmful Drinking in Primary Care in India: The PREMIUM Study

Nadkarni

Velleman

Dabholkar³

et al. 2015

Alcohol Clin Exp Res

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BackgroundDespite harmful drinking causing a significant burden on global health, there is a large treatment gap, especially in low‐ and middle‐income countries. A major barrier to care is the lack of adequately skilled human resources to deliver contextually appropriate treatments. This paper describes the systematic process used to develop Counselling for Alcohol Problems (CAP), a brief psychological treatment (PT) for delivery by lay counselors in routine primary care settings to men with harmful drinking in India.MethodsCAP was developed using a methodology involving 3 sequential steps: (i) identifying potential treatment strategies; (ii) developing a theoretical framework for the treatment; and (iii) evaluating the acceptability and feasibility of the treatment.ResultsCAP is a 3‐phase treatment delivered over 1 to 4 sessions based on a motivational interviewing (MI) stance and involves the following strategies: assessment and personalized feedback, family engagement, drink refusal skills, skills to address drinking urges, problem‐solving skills and handling difficult emotions, and relapse prevention and management. Data from a case series were used to inform several adaptations to enhance the acceptability of CAP to the recipients and feasibility of delivery by lay counselors of the treatment, for example expansion of the target group to include alcohol‐dependent patients and the extension of the delivery settings to include home‐based delivery. There was preliminary evidence of the effectiveness of CAP.ConclusionsCAP is an acceptable brief PT for harmful drinking delivered by lay counselors in primary care whose effectiveness is currently being tested in a randomized controlled trial based in primary care in Goa, India.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Systematic Development and Pilot Randomized Evaluation of Counselling for Alcohol Problems, a Lay Counselor‐Delivered Psychological Treatment for Harmful Drinking in Primary Care in India: The PREMIUM Study

Nadkarni

Velleman

Dabholkar³

et al. 2015

Alcohol Clin Exp Res

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“…CHVs thus play an important role in helping to achieve the universal health coverage and sustainable development goals reported by many researchers. 4,[11][12][13][14][15][16] To these would be added emergency and data management tasks, focusing on volunteers with altruistic values. Finkelstein, and his co-workers demonstrated that the fulfillment of motives was a good predictor of volunteer tasks and longevity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,[11][12][13][14][15][16] CHVs help increase access to, and facilitate the use of healthcare services during medical cases as tuberculosis, immunization and family planning programs, particularly in populations with limited access to healthcare facilities. 17 In complying with the expectations and having received sufficient investment and support, community health workers (CHWs) show great potential towards strengthening the current situation of health systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volunteers Motives in Relation to their Task Preference in Health Service Delivery: A Case of West Kenya

Ochieng¹,

Kaseje²

2017

Psychol Cogn Sci Open J

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CitationOchieng BM, Kaseje DCO. Volunteers motives in relation to their task preference in health service delivery: A case of West Kenya. Psychol Cogn Sci Open J. 2017; 3(4): 123-130. doi: 10.17140/PCSOJ-3-134 Copyright ©2017 Ochieng BM. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ABSTRACTBackground: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), human resources is the key ingredient to the effective functioning of health systems. The growing human resource crisis in low-income countries has re-energized the debate concerning the role of community health volunteers in health service delivery. Researchers have studied task-shifting among community volunteers focusing on its impact on health outcomes. This study focused on how task preference could be related to volunteer motives in an African setting. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional survey with the aim to investigate the relationship between motives and task preference among health volunteers compared with non-volunteers matched by gender, residence, and education in Western Kenya. The eight motives that were taken into account in the present study were obtained from existing literature, and tasks were derived from the common health activities undertaken by volunteers in Kenya. We recorded the preference of 1062 respondents for each of the tasks on a 1-5 Likert scale. The task preference among volunteers on the basis of motives and the status of the volunteers were compared. Results: Long-term health tasks such as mother and child healthcare, home visiting and curative care were significantly more associated with altruistic than with material gain motives (p=0.00). Short-term tasks such as helping in disease outbreaks, and participation in immunization campaigns were associated with both altruistic and material gain motives. The self-seeking motives tend to be associated only with short-term tasks. Conclusion: The preference for long-term health tasks was associated with non self-seeking motives; while short-term tasks were associated with both non self-seeking and self-seeking motives. It was concluded that the assessment of the motives of the volunteers was critical in assigning tasks to volunteers.

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“…There is a growing body of evidence 5 that suggests lay CHWs are highly effective at engaging the population for chronic disease management, 6 screening services, 7 neonatal mortality 8 and child and maternal health. 9 In the Family Health Programme, CHWs are lay members of the community, but are also full-time members of the health unit. Each CHW is assigned to 150 households in geographically delineated microareas within the larger catchment area -again these micro-areas have no overlap or gaps between them.…”

Section: The Family Health Programmementioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating primary care and public health: learning from the Brazilian way

Harris

2012

London Journal of Primary Care

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Lay health workers in primary and community health care for maternal and child health and the management of infectious diseases

Abstract: LHWs provide promising benefits in promoting immunisation uptake and breastfeeding, improving TB treatment outcomes, and reducing child morbidity and mortality when compared to usual care. For other health issues, evidence is insufficient to draw conclusions about the effects of LHWs.

Cited by 762 publications

References 217 publications

The Systematic Development and Pilot Randomized Evaluation of Counselling for Alcohol Problems, a Lay Counselor‐Delivered Psychological Treatment for Harmful Drinking in Primary Care in India: The PREMIUM Study

The Systematic Development and Pilot Randomized Evaluation of Counselling for Alcohol Problems, a Lay Counselor‐Delivered Psychological Treatment for Harmful Drinking in Primary Care in India: The PREMIUM Study

Volunteers Motives in Relation to their Task Preference in Health Service Delivery: A Case of West Kenya

Integrating primary care and public health: learning from the Brazilian way

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