Layered Chiral Active Matter: Beyond Odd Elasticity

J., Kole, S.; Alexander, Gareth P.; Ramaswamy, Sriraṁ; Maitra, Ananyo

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.126.248001

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Moreover, as the field of active liquid crystals progresses, experimental realizations of active cholesterics and active smectics will emerge. The latest theoretical frameworks already invoke the HH mechanism to characterize lamellar distortions from active stresses (Kole et al, 2021;Whitfield et al, 2017). Furthermore, cholesteric liquid crystals remain widely employed in optical and elastomeric materials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pairs of λ ± defects often result from the HH instability in cholesterics, as detailed in Sec. V. Kole, et al advanced this work by showing how active stresses in a cholesterics couple uniquely to the chirality of the material, generating elastic forces tangent to the layers (Kole et al, 2021). This "odder than odd" elasticity from chiral activity leads to HH-like undulations that produce a two-dimensional array of hydrodynamic vortices.…”

Section: E Biological Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Helfrich-Hurault elastic instabilities driven by geometrical frustration

Blanc¹,

Durey²,

Kamien³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: E Biological Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helfrich-Hurault elastic instabilities driven by geometrical frustration

Blanc¹,

Durey²,

Kamien³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…In passive systems chirality tends not to reveal its presence in long-wavelength mechanical properties -for example, the elastic and hydrodynamic properties of cholesteric liquid crystals at equilibrium map exactly to those of smectics [151,152]. In achiral systems with translational order, active forces introduce terms whose form superficially resembles those already present in the corresponding passive systems [153], or created by static external fields [154,155]. Taken together, however, the effects of chirality and activity can reinforce each other, with surprising consequences.…”

Section: Chiral Active Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Active chiral systems with partial translational orderactive cholesterics [155] -display a unique non-reciprocal effect: gradients of layer curvature evoke a response in the perpendicular in-plane direction, like an "odd" Laplace pressure gradient. Whereas the odd elastic force density of twodimensional chiral active solids reflects an antisymmetric contribution to the linear relation between stress and strain, this force density arises even when the strain is zero.…”

Section: Chiral Active Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas the odd elastic force density of twodimensional chiral active solids reflects an antisymmetric contribution to the linear relation between stress and strain, this force density arises even when the strain is zero. If such a system goes through a Helfrich-Hurault [171,172] undulational instability or its active counterpart [154,173], this effect, odder than odd elasticity, produces a columnar array of fluid-flow vortices, with an "antiferromagnetic" spatial pattern of vorticity [155]. In these translationally ordered systems the combined effects of chirality and activity manifest themselves in the bulk.…”

Section: Chiral Active Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Symmetry, Thermodynamics and Topology in Active Matter

Bowick¹,

Fakhri²,

Marchetti³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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This article summarizes some of the open questions in the field of active matter that have emerged during Active20, a nine-week program held at the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics (KITP) in Spring 2020. The article does not provide a review of the field, but rather a personal view of the authors, informed by contributions of all participants, on new directions in active matter research. The topics highlighted include: the ubiquitous occurrence of spontaneous flows and active turbulence and the theoretical and experimental challenges associated with controlling and harnessing such flows; the role of motile topological defects in ordered states of active matter and their possible biological relevance; the emergence of non-reciprocal effective interactions and the role of chirality in active systems and their intriguing connections to non-Hermitian quantum mechanics; the progress towards a formulation of the thermodynamics of active systems thanks to the feedback between theory and experiments; the impact of the active matter framework on our understanding of the emergent mechanics of biological tissue. These seemingly diverse phenomena all stem from the defining property of active matter -assemblies of self-driven entities that individually break timereversal symmetry and collectively organize in a rich variety of nonequilibrium states.

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Learning Stiffness Tensors in Self‐Activated Solids via a Local Rule

Tang,

Ye,

Jia

et al. 2024

Advanced Science

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Mechanical metamaterials are often designed with particular properties for specific load‐bearing functions. Alternatively, this study aims to create a class of active lattice metamaterials, dubbed self‐activated solids, that can learn desired stiffness tensors from the elastic deformations they experienced, a crucial feature to improve the performance, efficiency, and functionality of materials. Artificial adaptive matters that combine sensory, control, and actuation elements can offer appealing solutions. However, challenges still remain: The designs will rely on accurate off‐line and global computations, as well as intricate coordination among individual elements. Here, a simple online and local learning strategy is initiated based on contrastive Hebbian learning to gradually guide self‐activated solids to possess sought‐after stiffness tensors autonomously and reversibly. During learning, the bond stiffness of the active lattice varies depending only on its local strain. The numerical tests show that the self‐activated solid can not only achieve the desired bulk, shear, and coupling moduli but also manifest uni‐mode and bi‐mode extremal materials by itself after experiencing the corresponding elastic deformations. Further, the self‐activated solid can also achieve the desired time‐varying moduli when exposed to temporally different loads. The design is applicable to any lattice geometries and is resistant to damage and instabilities. The material design approach and the physical learning strategy suggested can benefit the design of autonomous materials, physical learning machines, and adaptive robots.

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Layered Chiral Active Matter: Beyond Odd Elasticity

Abstract: Please refer to published version for the most recent bibliographic citation information. If a published version is known of, the repository item page linked to above, will contain details on accessing it.

Cited by 27 publications

References 76 publications

Helfrich-Hurault elastic instabilities driven by geometrical frustration

Helfrich-Hurault elastic instabilities driven by geometrical frustration

Symmetry, Thermodynamics and Topology in Active Matter

Learning Stiffness Tensors in Self‐Activated Solids via a Local Rule

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