Layered semiquantum secure communication protocols

Abstract

In this paper, we harness the potential offered by multidimensional states in secure communication with only one quantum participant. We propose four protocols for-(i) layered semi-quantum key distribution (LSQKD), (ii) layered semi-quantum secret sharing (LSQSS), (iii) integrated layered semi-quantum key distribution and secret sharing (ILSQKD+SS), and, (iv) integrated layered semi-quantum secure direct communication and key distribution (ILSQSDC+KD) to share secret information in an arbitrary layered network. All the four protocols allow for simultaneous distribution of secure information in all the layers of a network, thanks to multidimensional states.