LBP-08-The World’s Largest Hepatitis C Screening Program in Egypt

Abdel-Razek, Waël; Hassany, Mohamed; Kabil, Khaled; Ammar, Islam Abdel-Mawla; Dabous, Hany; Doss, W.; El-Sayed, Manal Hamdy; Elshazly, Yehia; Esmat, Gamal; Waked, Imam; El-Serafy, Magdi

doi:10.1016/s0618-8278(19)30254-3

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“… 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 By contrast, a positive, rapid change in disease rates has taken place in Egypt, where close to 80% of the population aged 12 years and older has been screened for hepatitis C, and those with detectable virus are treated with a low-cost treatment regimen. 18 , 19 We estimated that the number of cases of chronic hepatitis C has dropped by 65·9% (95% UI 51·1–79·7) since screening and treatment were initiated through regular health services in 2014 and an enhanced national screening programme for the whole population aged 12 years and older was established in 2019. 19 Egypt had the highest prevalence of chronic hepatitis C in the world, ascribed to iatrogenic infection during treatment campaigns for schistosomiasis in the 1960s and 1970s.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 18 , 19 We estimated that the number of cases of chronic hepatitis C has dropped by 65·9% (95% UI 51·1–79·7) since screening and treatment were initiated through regular health services in 2014 and an enhanced national screening programme for the whole population aged 12 years and older was established in 2019. 19 Egypt had the highest prevalence of chronic hepatitis C in the world, ascribed to iatrogenic infection during treatment campaigns for schistosomiasis in the 1960s and 1970s. 20 , 21 , 22 The sharp decline in chronic infections in Egypt is expected to be reflected in a large decline in deaths from cirrhosis and liver cancer in coming years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With low-cost treatments available to low-income and middle-income countries, there is an opportunity to eradicate hepatitis C as an underlying cause—a strategy that Egypt is well on the way to achieving in coming years. 19 Childhood vaccinations for hepatitis B will eventually also reduce cirrhosis (and liver cancer) outcomes, but the full effect will probably not be apparent for years. Alcohol is the third modifiable cause of cirrhosis; there is strong evidence that taxation and regulations can reduce alcohol use to less harmful levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Vos¹,

Lim²,

Abbafati³

et al. 2020

The Lancet

10,718

5,958

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Background In an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic scientific assessment of published, publicly available, and contributed data on incidence, prevalence, and mortality for a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of diseases and injuries.Methods GBD estimates incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to 369 diseases and injuries, for two sexes, and for 204 countries and territories. Input data were extracted from censuses, household surveys, civil registration and vital statistics, disease registries, health service use, air pollution monitors, satellite imaging, disease notifications, and other sources. Cause-specific death rates and cause fractions were calculated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model and spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression. Cause-specific deaths were adjusted to match the total all-cause deaths calculated as part of the GBD population, fertility, and mortality estimates. Deaths were multiplied by standard life expectancy at each age to calculate YLLs. A Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, was used to ensure consistency between incidence, prevalence, remission, excess mortality, and cause-specific mortality for most causes. Prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights for mutually exclusive sequelae of diseases and injuries to calculate YLDs. We considered results in the context of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and fertility rate in females younger than 25 years. Uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated for every metric using the 25th and 975th ordered 1000 draw values of the posterior distribution.Findings Global health has steadily improved over the past 30 years as measured by age-standardised DALY rates. After taking into account population growth and ageing, the absolute number of DALYs has remained stable. Since 2010, the pace of decline in global age-standardised DALY rates has accelerated in age groups younger than 50 years compared with the 1990-2010 time period, with the greatest annualised rate of decline occurring in the 0-9-year age group. Six infectious diseases were among the top ten causes of DALYs in children younger than 10 years in 2019: lower respiratory infections (ranked second), diarrhoeal diseases (third), malaria (fifth), meningitis (sixth), whooping cough (ninth), and sexually transmitted infections (which, in this age group, is fully accounted for by congenital syphilis; ranked tenth). In adolescents aged 10-24 years, three injury causes were among the top causes of DALYs: road injuries (ranked first), self-harm (third), and interpersonal violence (fifth). Five of the causes that were in the...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Vos¹,

Lim²,

Abbafati³

et al. 2020

The Lancet

10,718

5,958

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Introducing locally produced pharmaceutical products paves the way for further lowering prices. Prices for a full treatment course have been reported to be as low as US$45 in Egypt, which is considered an LMIC, yet many countries are not accessing these low prices[ 46 ]. Since October 2014, treatment in Egypt has been established on DAAs, and as of March 2017, at least a million individuals have obtained treatment in the public sector at the expense of the State (with more being treated in the private sector).…”

Section: Access To Medicine/preventive Measures For Hbv and Hcv In Re...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Egypt is also actively testing the general population (18-59y) to eliminate HCV[ 2 ]. A national population-screening program was initiated in October 2018[ 46 ]. Nearly 49.6 million individuals were screened, of whom approximately 2.2 million were seropositive for HCV and were referred for evaluation and treatment[ 47 ].…”

Section: Access To Medicine/preventive Measures For Hbv and Hcv In Re...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenge of managing hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections in resource-limited settings

Said¹,

El-Sayed²

2022

WJH

Self Cite

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The global burden of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections and coinfection represents a major public health concern, particularly in resource-limited settings. Elimination of HCV by 2030 has become foreseeable, with effective direct-acting antiviral oral therapies and the availability of affordable generics in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs). However, access to oral nucleos(t)ide therapy for HBV remains critical and is limited outside the existing global HIV program platforms despite affordable prices. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HBV through scaling up of birth dose implementation in LMICs is essential to achieve the 2030 elimination goal. Most individuals living with HBV and/or HCV in resource-limited settings are unaware of their infection, and with improved access to medications, the most significant barrier remains access to affordable diagnostics and preventive strategies. The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic interrupted hepatitis elimination programs, albeit offered opportunities for improved diagnostic capacities and raised political awareness of the critical need for strengthening health care services and universal health coverage. This review underpins the HBV and HCV management challenges in resource-limited settings, highlighting the current status and suggested future elimination strategies in some of these countries. Global efforts should continue to improve awareness and political commitment. Financial resources should be secured to access and implement comprehensive strategies for diagnosis and linkage to care in resource-constrained settings to fulfill the 2030 elimination goal.

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Hepatitis C viral RNA in blood mononuclear cells of patients treated with directly acting antivirals

Kamhawy

Said

Abdelhamid

et al. 2021

Arab Journal of Gastroenterology

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LBP-08-The World’s Largest Hepatitis C Screening Program in Egypt

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Challenge of managing hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections in resource-limited settings

Hepatitis C viral RNA in blood mononuclear cells of patients treated with directly acting antivirals

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