LC‑MS/MS proteomic analysis revealed novel associations of 37 proteins with T2DM and notable upregulation of immunoglobulins

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disease associated with a number of metabolic disturbances, including protein metabolism. In the present study, blood samples were obtained from Bahraini subjects, including 6 patients with T2DM and 6 age- and sex-matched, non-diabetic, healthy controls. Depleted and non-depleted sera were prepared from the collected blood, and the global protein expression changes were evaluated by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Only significantly and markedly differentially-expressed proteins (P<0.05, analysis of variance; maximum fold change ≥1.5) were considered as candidate proteins for informatics analysis. Accordingly, a total of 62 proteins were identified to be differentially expressed in T2DM, compared with control subjects, and they were grouped functionally into 16 classes of proteins. The largest class was that of the immune-associated proteins. Additionally, ~25 of these proteins (40%) had previously been associated with DM; however, the association of the other 37 proteins with T2DM was a novel observation. The majority of the identified proteins were upregulated in T2DM. The identified proteins could be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease or serve as disease biomarkers. Further validation of the identified proteins in a large study cohort is required, in order to fully access their potential clinical usefulness.

Studies on Acute Phase Inflamatory Proteins of Type 2 Diabetics in Owerri

“…Mohiuddin et al, [32] that reported hihger level of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein jn type 2 diabetics who were involved in low grade chronic system inflammation that triggered the development of insulin resistance and β cell dysfunction. Abdulawhab et al, [33] reported that enzymatic glycosylation of this protein is involved in future risk of type 2 diabetes. The study is consistent with the report of by Lee et al, [34] that showed elevation level in alpha 1 acid glycoprotein in T2D due to its immunomodulatory in relief of hyperglycaemia, and modulation of immune response to protect adipose tissue from excessive Inflammation and metabolic dysfunction.…”

Sex-Biased Expression of Genes Allocated in the Autosomal Chromosomes: Lc-ms/ms Protein Profiling in Healthy Subjects

“…Protein identi cation: As we reported before [6], the 1-dimensional Nano Acquity liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry on a Synapt G2 instrument (Waters, Manchester, UK) was used for label-free quantitative expression protein pro ling. For ESI Mass Spectrometry analyses, the instrument settings were optimized on the MassLynx tune page.…”

“…However, the in uence of the sex hormones in gene expression can't be ignored. Although the human genome is expected to constitute between 20,000 -25,000 genes [5], in our setting proteomic analysis revealed more than 2 millions proteins and peptides (PPs) [6]. A new and expanded central dogma composed of OMICs platforms, including; genome, trasnscriptome and proteome is needed to link the genotypes with the phenotypes.…”

“…pregnancy and lactation and breast and prostatic tumors, were organ speci c with different markers and susceptibility factors [21]. This data is part of a larger study of the proteomic changes in T2DM, where several proteins were identi ed to be differentially expressed in T2DM, mostly were up-regulated [6], however, the in uence of gender cannot be corrected for by the traditional proteomic statistical analysis. In this study we compared the protein pro le of the healthy men and women whom were included in the main study.…”

Advances in Research on Diabetes by Human Nutriomics

“…Sramkova et al (2019) identified apolipoprotein M (apoM) by transcriptome and proteomic analysis of conditioned media from human adipose tissue (AT)-isolated adipocytes and stromal cells, in which the expression level is lower in subjects with metabolic syndrome and T2D and may be associated with insulin sensitivity [32]. Abdulwahab et al (2019) collected sera from healthy people and T2D patients for proteomic mass spectrometry and found that 62 proteins were differentially expressed in T2D, which were functionally grouped into 16 proteins, including heparin cofactor 2, Ig α-1 chain C region, and zinc-α-2-glycoprotein, the largest of which was an immune-related protein [33]. Muralidharan et al (2019) used borate affinity chromatography to isolate glycated erythrocyte proteomes without hemoglobin from controls and DM samples, and proteomic analysis, using the nanoLC/ESI-MS proteomics platform, to identify site-specific glycation of the red blood cell proteome with different glycemic indices in DM patients [34].…”