LC-MS Phytochemical Screening, In Vitro Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity of Microalgae Nannochloropsis oculata Extract

Abstract

Nowadays, marine microalgae are recognized to be a considerably novel and rich origin of bioactive moieties utilized in the sectors of nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. In the present study, Nannochloropsis oculata extract (AME) was associated with a wide variety of pharmacological studies such as in vitro antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal and anticancer activity (MDA-MB-231) in cancer cells through in vitro models. In the study, the chemical composition and structure of the bioactive compounds found in the AME extract were studied using the LC-MS technique. The results of the anticancer activity showed a decrease in the percentage of cell viability of the MDA-MB-231 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner (400 μg/mL at 24 h, 300 μg/mL at 48 h, and 200 μg/mL at 72 h). We have also observed morphological changes in the cells that could be associated with treatment with AME extract. Our observation of the AME extract-treated MDA-MB231 cells under light microscopy showed that when the concentration increased, the number of cells began to decrease. As far as LC-MS analysis is concerned, it showed the presence of the bioactive molecules was terpenoids along with carotenoids, polyphenolic and fatty acids. The result revealed that the AME extract exhibited noteworthy in vitro free radical scavenging potential, with an IC50 value of 52.10 ± 0.85 µg/L in DPPH assay, 122.84 ± 2.32 µg/mL in H2O2 assay and, 96.95 ± 1.68 µg/mL in ABTS assay. The activity was found to be highly significant against bacteria (Gram-positive and negative) and moderately significant against fungal strain with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)/minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values between 15.63 and 500 µg/mL.

Microorganisms: A Potential Source of Bioactive Molecules for Antioxidant Applications

“…I. galbana clone Tahiti with a total phenol content of 17.798 mg GAE g-1 (Gallic Acid Equivalent), showed the highest antioxidant activity with 61.64% of inhibition at 50 ppm, followed by D. salina with 58.45% and T. chuii with 52.58% of inhibition. A study by Wali et al [ 28 ] showed that Nannochloropsis oculata , contains a higher amount of polyphenol and exhibited in-vitro ROS scavenging activity, with an IC50 of 52.10 ± 0.85 µg/L.…”

A Review on Microbial Products and Their Perspective Application as Antimicrobial Agents

“…H1 and H4 are proteinaceous halocins of roughly 30–40 kDa [ 109 ], whereas C8, H6, H7, R1, U1, and S8 are microhalocins which are smaller than 10kDa. Microhalocins are more vigorous than proteinaceous halocins since they are resistant to varying temperature, salinity, exposure to organic solvents, acids, and bases [ 109 ]. Halocins have wide-ranging activity against haloarchaea and members of the family Halobacteriaceae [ 110 ].…”

Prospects of Microalgae for Biomaterial Production and Environmental Applications at Biorefineries

“…Extracts of Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorella minutissima showed strong antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger and Fusarium oxysporum [67]. Recently, antifungal activity was reported in extracts of Nannochloropsis oculata against Candida albicans, where the bioactive compounds were terpenoids, carotenoids, polyphenols, and fatty acids [68].…”