Aim: With the popularity of cloud storage, data integrity has become a hot research spot. As clients' data is outsourced to the cloud, how to prevent clients' privacy from being leaked has become an urgent problem to be solved. In addition, the design of the storage structure in the cloud is also a challenge. To solve the above problem, we focus on enabling data integrity verification in the medical environment with clients' privacy protection and a novel storage structure assisted. Methods: By leveraging the one-way anonymous key agreement and the novel stereo storage structure, a novel stereo storage structure assisted one-way anonymous auditing protocol in e-health system is proposed. First, the one-way anonymous auditing protocol can realize the adaptive anonymity of clients in the e-health system. Second, the novel stereo storage structure can implement the storage and fast search of medical data. Results: The theoretical analyses indicate that the proposed scheme is secure under the Computational Diffie-Hellman problem and Discrete algorithm problem and it has a decent performance in computational overhead. Besides, the simulation results demonstrate that the computational cost of the user is constant. Conclusion: To protect the user's private information in e-health system, we propose a stereo storage structure assisted one-way anonymous auditing protocol in this paper. In the proposed scheme, fast searching of data, the one-way anonymity and the data auditing with mutual supervision are supported, which is necessary for the patients and the medical personnel in a real e-health scenario.