“…Some studies also focussed on the problem of IC measurement not being recorded in financial statements (Stewart, 1997;Pulic, 1998Pulic, , 2004Gu and Lev, 2003;Chen et al, 2004). Finally, a number of studies were related to the validation of IC in a decision-making context, notably in terms of its usefulness to investors on a capital market (Lev and Sougiannis, 1996;Cazavan-Jeny, 2004;Casta et al, 2005;Lev et al, 2007).…”