Le suivi des glaciers dans les Pyrénées françaises

René, Pierre

doi:10.4267/2042/53748

Cited by 12 publications

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“…Minor readvances and glacier equilibrium (5) occur during the last decades of the 19th century, with a common advance around 1890, until the twenties of the 20th century, after the LIA has finished. Later, glaciers retreat accelerated with small and intermittent advances in some glaciers, as Oulettes of Gaube with short progress in 1945 and 1964 (Grove and Gellatly, 1995;René, 2013), until the drastic retreat with sudden lost of mass, as response to strong disequilibrium with current climate conditions (Chueca et al, 2007;López-Moreno et al, 2016), interrupted only by small equilibrium periods at the end of the 70´s and 80´s (Martínez de Pisón and Arenillas, 1988;Martínez de Pisón et al, 1995;Grove and Gellatly, 1995;René, 2001René, , 2003René, , 2013, before the disappearance of the most LIA glaciers and the conservation of only 19 glaciers in 2016 (Rico et al, 2017).…”

Section: The Lia In the Pyrenees: A Review Of Glacier Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Located in the Vignemale Massif under the big north face, a 400 high wall and the Couloir de Gaube feeding the cirque with avalanches. The glacial retreat after the LIA has been studied, showing important thinning and recession of glaciers of Ossue and Oulettes de Gaube, the first one losing more than 1.5 km length and 200 m of altitude in 60 years (Russell, 1908;Grove and Gellatly, 1995;Grove, 2004;René, 2001René, , 2003René, , 2011René, , 2013. The second one underwent the same progression from the 18th when historical records have permitted to date the maximum advance (Grove and Gellatlty, 1995).…”

Section: The Oulettes De Gaube Lia Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surge glaciers during the Little Ice Age in the Pyrenees

Cañadas

Moreno

2018

CIG

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Historical moraine complexes and erosional features are interesting elements to discern the historical climate changes and evolution, with a complex chronologies that help us to understand the dynamics and glacier evolution during the Little Ice Age (LIA). The existence of landforms as crevasses-squeeze ridges, hummocky moraines and flutes, related to different glacier advances and retreats, allows understanding in a better way the LIA glacier evolution in the Pyrenees. The aim of this work is to show how many LIA moraine complexes have traces of fast flow ice; when the surge dynamic happened; his extent and the environmental meaning. Based on glacier landsystem analysis we have established a work hypothesis on the fast flow or surge dynamic glaciers during the LIA, with geomorphological features, as flutes and push and hummocky moraines, at least in 17 LIA glacier complexes. The analysis of morphosquences by fieldwork, photo interpretation and historical sources in 8 selected LIA moraine complexes have been compared with previous climatic reconstructions creating a hypothesis about the response of the LIA glaciers to the short time changes in temperature and moisture.The glacier cirques with fast flow features are found in the highest mountains with summits above 3000 m., mainly northern oriented (88%) and without a significant lithology. The studied complexes (Central Infierno, Eastern Infierno, Oulettes de Gaube, Monte Perdido, Marboré, La Paúl, Literola and Tempestades) show 4 morphological units: a frontal moraine system (U1); a more voluminous moraine (U2); a little push and hummocky moraines complex linking with flutes (U3); and minor arcs up valley (U4). The U3 belongs to a fast flow stage or surging and by morphostratigraphy we can point out that the surge processes were produced between 1820 and 1840, at the end of the LIA. We related it with a possible climatic response to sudden cooling and the increase of winter precipitation with melt-water availability and quick ice melting during the summer, generating hydrodynamic changes in the small glaciers and quick dynamic response.

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Section: The Lia In the Pyrenees: A Review Of Glacier Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Oulettes De Gaube Lia Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surge glaciers during the Little Ice Age in the Pyrenees

Cañadas

Moreno

2018

CIG

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“…Par différenciation de deux MnE Pléiades acquis entre deux dates suffisamment éloi-gnées on peut donc produire une carte du bilan de masse d'un glacier avec une meilleure résolution spatiale que celle qui est permise par interpolation des mesures de balises. Cela permet aussi de caractériser l'évolution des glaciers les plus escarpés où il n'y a pas de balises (René, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Évolution recente des glaciers du Vignemale (2013-2017)

Gascoin

René²

2018

Pirineos

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[fr] Les glaciers d’Ossoue, du Petit Vignemale et des Oulettes sont les trois derniers glaciers du massif du Vignemale. Le plus grand d’entre eux, le glacier d’Ossoue, est l’un des mieux documentés dans les Pyrénées. Son évolution est un indicateur précieux des fluctuations du climat au sud-ouest de l’Europe. Une étude précédente de reconstruction du glacier d’Ossoue s’arrêtait en 2013 (Marti et al., 2015a). Nous présentons ici une mise à jour de son bilan de masse entre 2013 et 2017. Une carte de changement d’élévation a été produite à 4 m de résolution spatiale à partir de deux couples stéréoscopiques acquis par le système Pléiades à la fin des années glaciologiques 2013 et 2017. Les changements de hauteurs sont similaires à ceux mesurés par l’association Moraine au niveau de balises d’ablation sur la même période. Les données Pléiades permettent aussi d’estimer le bilan de masse des glaciers des Oulettes et du Petit Vignemale qui ne sont pas équipés de balises. Ainsi, entre 2013 et 2017, les bilans de masse des glaciers d’Ossoue, des Oulettes et du Petit Vignemale sont respectivement -5,2 +/- 0,5 m we, -4,0 +/- 0,9 m we et -4,2 +/- 0,9 m we. Les données Pléiades montrent que le glacier d’Ossoue s’amincit plus rapidement au centre du Plateau des Neiges, ce qui peut s’expliquer par une accumulation de neige plus réduite dans cette zone par rapport aux bordures du glacier.

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“…La localización precisa de estos aparatos puede consultarse en Martínez de Pisón y Arenillas (1988), Chueca y Lampre (1994) o Chueca et al (1998). Mientras, en la vertiente francesa únicamente subsisten 228 ha en la misma fecha (René, 2001). …”

Section: áRea D E Estudiounclassified

La fusión glaciar en el Pirineo: condicionantes ambientales y primeros resultados bianuales en el glaciar de Infiernos (Pirineo aragonés)

Pomar

Vitaller²,

Ojeda

et al. 2016

Geograph

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Resumen: Se presentan datos acerca de las características ambientales del Glaciar del Infierno y de la regresión sufrida en el Último siglo, así como los valores de los caudales de fusión de dos ciclos diarios en este glaciar, medidos a finales de dos veranos consecutivos (años 1998 y 1999). La relación entre este dato y los ritmos térmicos es muy estrecha, lo cual permite disponer de un dato más, de gran importancia, para explicar el control ambiental en los sistemas de drenaje de la fusión glaciar, así como la acusada regresión glaciar de las últimas décadas, indicativa de balances entre la acumulación nival y la ablación claramente negativos. Los datos se acompañan de medidas de retroceso glaciar entre los veranos de 1998 y 1999.Palabras clave: regresión glaciar, caudales de f~~s i ó n , ciclo diario, glaciares pirenaicos. Abstract:Data are presented about the environmental characters of tlie Infiernos glacier and of the regression suffered in the last century, as well as the meltwater flow values corresponding to two daily cycle of the Infierno glacier. These values were measured at the end of the summer of 1998 and 1999. There is a close relationship between these data and botli thermic rythms. This fact suggests that meltwater flow should become a useful additional parameter to explain the environmental control of the drainage systems derived from the glacier fusion, as well as the serious glacier regression happened in tlie last decades, indicative of balances between the accumulation nival and the ablation clearly negative. The data are accompanied of measures of regression glacier among the summers of 1998 and 1999.

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Le suivi des glaciers dans les Pyrénées françaises

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Surge glaciers during the Little Ice Age in the Pyrenees

Surge glaciers during the Little Ice Age in the Pyrenees

Évolution recente des glaciers du Vignemale (2013-2017)

La fusión glaciar en el Pirineo: condicionantes ambientales y primeros resultados bianuales en el glaciar de Infiernos (Pirineo aragonés)

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