Lead-acid batteries with foam grids

Preparation of porous lead from shape-controlled PbO bulk by in situ electrochemical reduction in ChCl–EG deep eutectic solvent

“…Porous lead has been acknowledged as a favorable material in many applications including light-weight electrodes of lead-acid battery [1][2][3][4], cryogenic and magnetic shielding materials [2], shock and impact absorbers [5,6] due to its desirable properties such as high porosity, high specific surface area, low volume density, unusual acoustic properties, and electromagnetic wave absorption performance. Given such prospective application potentials, exploring the preparation methods of porous lead with homogeneous porosity distribution and high specific surface area becomes highly desirable.…”

Research Progress of Desulphurization Methods for Scrap Lead Paste

“…At present, lead acid battery is one kind of widespread used second batteries for the advantages of simple construction, reliable performance, lower price, easy get of raw materials and convenient to use [1,2]. It is major used as power source for automobile start and as auxiliary power supply for illumination, mintype electric vehicle and UPS [3][4][5].…”

Open cell lead foams: processing, microstructure, and mechanical properties

“…A typical lead-acid car battery is as heavy as 14 kg; lead electrodes constitute about 21 % of total weight [1]. One way of reducing the weight of currently used lead-acid batteries is to replace the heavy lead electrodes with low density and high surface area porous lead electrodes [2][3][4]. Both, the increase in the electrode surface area and the reduction in the electrode weight, increase the utilization efficiency of the positive active material up to 50 %, which is much higher than the conventional grid electrode [2].…”

“…Lead carbonate was used as a gas releasing blowing agent at 450°C. Tabaatabai et al [4] prepared open cell lead foams by electrodepositing lead alloy onto Cu foam substrates. The battery with foam electrode showed 42 % higher capacity density than conventional battery.…”