Lead Sequestration in Perovskite Photovoltaic Device Encapsulated with Water-Proof and Adhesive Poly(ionic liquid)

Abstract

The inevitable usage of toxic lead impedes the commercialization of lead halide perovskite solar cells, especially considering lead ions potentially unseals from the discarded and damaged devices and consequently contaminates the environment. In this work, we proposed a poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) cohered sandwich structure (PCSS) to realize lead sequestration in perovskite solar cells by a water-proof and adhesive poly([1-(3p r o p i o n i c a c i d ) -3 -v i n y l i m i d a z o l i u m ] b i s -(trifluoromethanesulphonyl)imide (PPVI-TFSI). A transparent ambidextrous protective shield manufactured from PPVI-TFSI was achieved and applied in lead sequestration for perovskite solar cells. PCSS provides robustness and water-resistance, which improves device stability toward water erosion and extreme situations (such as acid, base, salty water, and hot water). PPVI-TFSI exhibited excellent affinity toward lead with adsorption capacity of 516 mg•g −1 , which assisted to prevent lead leakage in abandoned devices as proved in the test of wheat germination vividly. PCSS provides a promising solution for complex lead sequestration and management issues, which contribute to the commercialization of perovskite solar cells.

Poly(ionic liquid)s: an emerging platform for green chemistry

“…In addition, for broken or disposed-of devices, lead leakage can also be well reduced, to below the safe level as shown in the germination of wheat. 252 Similar to other polymer corrosion inhibitors, PILs adsorbed over the material's (metal or perovskite) surface can offer the lateral diffusion phenomenon at the solid/liquid interface, which can be evidence by single-molecule tracking measurements. Brownian motion is the main driving force which transfers PILs from the material's surface to other parts of the surface and even bulk solution.…”

“…In addition, for broken or disposed-of devices, lead leakage can also be well reduced, to below the safe level as shown in the germination of wheat. 252…”

Advanced research and prospects on polymer ionic liquids: trends, potential and application

“…One study 41 provides a promising solution to complex lead-binding problems, reducing environmental impact and, in addition, promoting the proliferation of perovskite solar cells (Fig. 12).…”