Leflunomide-associated tuberculosis?

Two Cases of Cellulitis in the Course of African Tick Bite Fever: A Fortuitous Association?

“…The role of leflunomide, a selective immunosuppressor, must be discussed. Indeed, infections arising during leflunomide therapy can be severe [12, 13] or may present unusual symptoms [14,15,16,17]. …”

Suppressed Wound Healing In a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis Taking Leflunomide (Arava)

“…Opportunistic infections 59 Fatal sepsis 59 Propionibacterium acnes endophthalmitis 30 Pulmonary tuberculosis 27 Brain abscess 31 Postsurgical osteomyelitis 32 …”

“…Unfortunately, hydroxychloroquine, etanercept (Enbrel), and newer DMARDs are now used for her severe RA. Fever, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis, and relapsing polychondritis 10 Potentiation of warfarin 11 Dermatologic "Skin disorder" 59 Skin discoloration 59 Maculopapular rash 59 Skin ulcers [4][5][6]59 Alopecia areata 12 Erythema multiforme 13 Exfoliative dermatitis 14 Lichenoid eruptions 15,16 Cutaneous lupus erythematosus [17][18][19][20] Dermatomyositis 21 Acute necrotizing vasculitis 7,46 Nonhealing surgical wounds 3 Pulmonary Acute interstitial pneumonia, elevated liver enzymes, hypertension 59 Lethal pneumonitis 22 Pulmonary hypertension 23 Pulmonary abscess 24 Pulmonary aspergillosis 25 Mycobacterium abscessus infection 26 Pulmonary tuberculosis 27 Rheumatoid lung nodulosis and osteopathy 28 Atypical Mycobacterium pneumonia 29 …”

Evolution of ideas on drug-induced tuberculosis in rheumatoid arthritis

“…Применение низких доз метотрексата в комбинации с ГК следует отнести к факторам риска развития туберкулеза при РА [32]. Специ-ально созданный для лечения РА БПВП лефлуномид также может способствовать развитию активного легочного тубер-кулеза [33]. Объяснить это можно общей иммуносупрессией и специфической анти-ФНО α-активностью лефлуномида [34,35].…”