Left Atrial Appendage: Variations in Morphology and Position Causing Pitfalls in Pediatric Echocardiographic Diagnosis

Ramaswamy, Prema; Lytrivi, Irene D.; Srivastava, Shubhika; Sharma, Sangeeta; Ko, H. Helen; Parness, Ira A.; Lai, Wyman W.

doi:10.1016/j.echo.2007.03.017

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Originally a remnant of the primitive atrial chamber, the thin, blind‐ended diverticulum extends superiorly from the free wall of the left atrium and is a “free” structure in the pericardial space. Approximately 80% of LAAs are multilobed, with about 70% exhibiting bent or spiral formations 30 . Three morphological types have been identified based on appendage tips.…”

Section: Left Atrial Appendage (Laa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The LAA is structurally complex and varies anatomically in shape and morphometry. 30 Originally a remnant of the primitive atrial chamber, the thin, blind-ended diverticulum extends superiorly from the free wall of the left atrium and is a "free" structure in the pericardial space. Approximately 80% of LAAs are multilobed, with about 70% exhibiting bent or spiral formations.…”

Section: Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Approximately 80% of LAAs are multilobed, with about 70% exhibiting bent or spiral formations. 30 Three morphological types have been identified based on appendage tips. In type 1, the tips appear in a superior orientation while lying parallel to the main pulmonary artery and left cardiac border.…”

Section: Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlative Anatomy for the Electrophysiologist, Part II: Cardiac Ganglia, Phrenic Nerve, Coronary Venous System

Lachman

Syed

Habib

et al. 2010

Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology

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Cardiac Ganglia, Phrenic Nerve, Coronary Venous System. There is an increasing need for invasive electrophysiologists to appreciate the exact anatomy of the epicardial space and the coronary veins. The location of the epicardial fat, the complementary relationship with the main cardiac veins, and the location of sensitive structures (arteries, phrenic nerve, esophagus) have become required knowledge for electrophysiologists, and accessing the epicardial space with this thorough knowledge of the pericardial sinuses and recesses is essential to allow radiographic correlation during catheter manipulation. In this review, we briefly describe the anatomy of the pericardial space and then discuss the specific correlation for the invasive electrophysiologist, highlighting epicardial access, catheter navigation, and avoidance of collateral injury, with specific attention to the important recesses of the pericardial space, their regional anatomy, and radiographic correlation when navigating catheters to these locations. We also discuss the anatomy of the main cardiac veins in the context of catheter mapping and ablation of the epicardial substrate through the venous system and without subxiphoid pericardial access. In part II of this series we discuss the detailed regional anatomy of the cardiac ganglia, phrenic nerve, and coronary venous system.

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Section: Left Atrial Appendage (Laa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlative Anatomy for the Electrophysiologist, Part II: Cardiac Ganglia, Phrenic Nerve, Coronary Venous System

Lachman

Syed

Habib

et al. 2010

Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology

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“…Beschrieben sind Verwechslungen mit einem Aneurysma der Aorta ascendens [2], einem lokalisierten Perikarderguss oder einer akzessorischen Pulmonalvene [9]. Große Aneurysmata können zu einer Verbreiterung des Herzschattens im Röntgenbild oder zur Kompression von Koronararterien mit Angina-pectoris-Beschwerden führen [3,6].…”

Section: Diskussionunclassified

Erstdiagnose eines Aneurysmas des linken Vorhofohres bei einer 69-jährigen Patientin

et al. 2009

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“…22.18 and Videoclip 22.12) and may be associated with diastolic flow reversal in the branch pulmonary arteries. In patients with long-segment pulmonary atresia the left atrial appendage can mimic the central main pulmonary artery segment (Videoclip 22.13); this can be further delineated by careful imaging and by demonstration of low velocity to-and-fro flow by color and pulsed-wave Doppler interrogation [161]. In patients with long-segment pulmonary atresia the left atrial appendage can mimic the central main pulmonary artery segment (Videoclip 22.13); this can be further delineated by careful imaging and by demonstration of low velocity to-and-fro flow by color and pulsed-wave Doppler interrogation [161].…”

Section: Right Ventricular Outflow Tract and Pulmonary Arteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tetralogy of Fallot

Mbbs

Chief

2009

Echocardiography in Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease

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Left Atrial Appendage: Variations in Morphology and Position Causing Pitfalls in Pediatric Echocardiographic Diagnosis

Cited by 11 publications

References 21 publications

Correlative Anatomy for the Electrophysiologist, Part II: Cardiac Ganglia, Phrenic Nerve, Coronary Venous System

Correlative Anatomy for the Electrophysiologist, Part II: Cardiac Ganglia, Phrenic Nerve, Coronary Venous System

Erstdiagnose eines Aneurysmas des linken Vorhofohres bei einer 69-jährigen Patientin

Tetralogy of Fallot

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