Legal framework for care in obstetrics and gynaecology

Arulkumaran, Sabaratnam; Farquharson, David I. M.; Monga, Ash; Papageorghiou, A.T.; Regan, Lesley

doi:10.1093/med/9780199552214.003.0004

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…EOCs are classified into distinct histological types including serous, mucinous, endometrioid and clear cell. The most common histology of EOC is serous (~60% of all cancers) (2). Recently, an alternative classification has been proposed, in which EOC is broadly divided into two types (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NF-YA Underlies EZH2 Upregulation and Is Essential for Proliferation of Human Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Cells

Garipov

Bitler

et al. 2013

Molecular Cancer Research

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Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) accounts for the most gynecological malignancy-associated deaths in the United States. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), which silences gene expression through generating trimethylation on lysine 27 residue of histone H3 (H3K27Me3), is often overexpressed in EOC and has been suggested as a therapeutic target. However, the mechanism underlying EZH2 overexpression in EOC is unknown. Here we show that EZH2 is upregulated at the transcription level, and two CCAAT boxes in the proximal regions of the human EZH2 gene promoter are critical for its transcription in EOC cells. Indeed, NF-YA, the regulatory subunit of the CCAAT binding transcription factor NF-Y, is expressed at higher levels in human EOCs compared with primary human ovarian surface epithelial (HOSE) cells. In addition, there is a positive correlation between expression of NF-YA and EZH2 in EOCs. Notably, high NF-YA expression predicts shorter overall survival in EOC patients. The association of NF-YA with the promoter of the human EZH2 gene is enhanced in human EOC cells compared with primary HOSE cells. Significantly, knockdown of NF-YA downregulates EZH2, decreases H3K27Me3 levels, and suppresses the growth of human EOC cells both in vitro and in a xenograft mouse model. Notably, NF-YA knockdown induces apoptosis of EOC cells and ectopic EZH2 expression partially rescues apoptosis induced by NF-YA knockdown. Together, these data reveal that NF-Y is a key regulator of EZH2 expression and is required for EOC cell proliferation, thus representing a novel target for developing EOC therapeutics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NF-YA Underlies EZH2 Upregulation and Is Essential for Proliferation of Human Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Cells

Garipov

Bitler

et al. 2013

Molecular Cancer Research

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“…Over 85% of ovarian cancers are of epithelial origin (1). E pithelial o varian c ancers (EOC) are classified into distinct histological types including serous, mucinous, endometrioid, and clear cell (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…E pithelial o varian c ancers (EOC) are classified into distinct histological types including serous, mucinous, endometrioid, and clear cell (1). The most common histology of EOC is serous (~60% of all cancers) and less common histologies include endometrioid, clear cell, and mucinous (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SUZ12 Promotes Human Epithelial Ovarian Cancer by Suppressing Apoptosis via Silencing HRK

Cai

et al. 2012

Molecular Cancer Research

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Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) ranks first as the cause of death for gynecological cancers in the United States. SUZ12 is a component of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and is essential for PRC2-mediated gene silencing by generating trimethylation on lysine 27 residue of histone H3 (H3K27Me3). The role of SUZ12 in EOC has never been investigated. Here we show that SUZ12 is expressed at significantly higher levels in human EOC (n=117) compared with either normal human ovarian surface epithelium (n=35, p<0.001) or fallopian tube epithelium (n=15, p<0.001). There is a positive correlation between expression of SUZ12 and EZH2 in human EOC (p<0.001). In addition, expression of SUZ12 positively correlates with Ki67, a marker of cell proliferation (p<0.001), and predicts shorter overall survival (p=0.0078). Notably, knockdown of SUZ12 suppresses the growth of human EOC cells in vitro and in vivo in both orthotopic and subcutaneous xenograft EOC models. In addition, SUZ12 knockdown decreases the levels of H3K27Me3 and triggers apoptosis of human EOC cells. Mechanistically, we identified HRK, a pro-apoptotic gene, as a novel SUZ12 target gene, and demonstrated that HRK upregulation mediates apoptosis induced by SUZ12 knockdown in human EOC cells. In summary, we show that SUZ12 promotes the proliferation of human EOC cells by inhibiting apoptosis and HRK is a novel SUZ12 target gene whose upregulation contributes to apoptosis induced by SUZ12 knockdown.

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“…Reported prevalence rates of constipation during pregnancy have ranged from 9% to 39% (Bradley et al, 2007) and varicosities are also a common minor discomfort can be developed and the veins in the legs as well as vulva are most commonly affected during pregnancy (Maternal Care Package Sri Lanka, 2011). Approximately 40% of pregnant mothers develop varicosities during 2nd and 3rd trimesters (Arulkumaran et al, 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

Knowledge and Practices Regarding Self-Management of Minor Ailments among Pregnant Mothers

Samara

Mohamed²,

Madushanka³

et al. 2020

J Matern Child Health

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Background: During pregnancy, mother faces many minor discomforts due to physiological, anatomical, psychological, biochemical and immunological adaptations occurs in their body. The wellbeing of pregnant mothers is threatened due to these minor discomforts and lead to unnecessary hospitalization. This study was aimed to assess the knowledge and practices regarding self-management of minor discomforts among pregnant mothers attending to selected Antenatal Clinics (ANC), Medical Officer of Health (MOH) area, Batticaloa. Subjects and Method: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted in selected antenatal clinics among all registered antenatal mothers (n=238) attending to these ANCs. A validated and pretested interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Knowledge on self-management of minor disorders was dependent variable and independent variables were the sociodemographic status, economic status and obstetric details of pregnant mothers. Descriptive and inferential statistic was performed to analyze the relevant data. Results: Nearly half of the participants (54.6%) were in 20-29 years and 62% of them were primiparous mothers. Around 93% of them were experienced nausea and vomiting during their pregnancy and among them all were reported nausea and vomiting has been occurred during their 1st trimester. About 75% of them mentioned that home remedies are the best way to selfmanage the minor discomforts. The mean knowledge score on minor discomforts and selfmanagement was 12.16 (SD= 14.64). Majority of participants (94.1%) scored less than 50%. Knowledge score was significantly associated with participant's ethnicity, religion, monthly income, educational level and their parity. Conclusion:The prevalence of minor discomforts among pregnant mothers was high and pregnant mothers have expressed that minor discomforts can be managed with home remedies. Further, knowledge level regarding minor discomforts and their self-management was inadequate.

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Legal framework for care in obstetrics and gynaecology

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Cited by 6 publications

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NF-YA Underlies EZH2 Upregulation and Is Essential for Proliferation of Human Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Cells

NF-YA Underlies EZH2 Upregulation and Is Essential for Proliferation of Human Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Cells

SUZ12 Promotes Human Epithelial Ovarian Cancer by Suppressing Apoptosis via Silencing HRK

Knowledge and Practices Regarding Self-Management of Minor Ailments among Pregnant Mothers

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