Leishmaniasis: a review

Quintanilla-Cedillo, Marco R; Ruiz-Esmenjaud, Julieta; Torres-Guerrero, Edoardo

doi:10.12688/f1000research.11120.1

Cited by 877 publications

(794 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…5 mL], ointments containing 15% paromomycin and 10% urea, a local thermal therapy at temperatures of 40-42°C, and systemic agents [pentavalent antimonial drugs and antibiotics such as sodium stibogluconate and meglumine antimoniate, pentamidine, paromomycin, miltefosine]) [1,6,9]. In cases caused by L. mexicana , there is a good response with itraconazole 200-400 mg per day for 1-2 months [10]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Case Involving the Scalp - Clinical and Videodermoscopic Findings

Sánchez

et al. 2017

Skin Appendage Disord

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Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a worldwide infectious disease caused by flagellate protozoa of the genus Leishmania. In America, the species most commonly responsible for CL are L. mexicana and L. brasiliensis. Usually, in America, it is transmitted by sand flies mainly of the genus Lutzomyia and Psychodopygus. CL most commonly affects exposed areas and is characterized by an erythematous infiltrated and ulcerated papular or nodular lesion. We report a 28-year-old male, with a 6-month history and a previous trip to the forest in the south of Mexico. He presented with an asymptomatic erythematous plaque on his scalp, with slow and progressive nodular lesions with central crusted ulceration, with a raised and well-defined border. On videodermoscopy, we observed erythematous gummy lesions, yellowish scabs, and white star, dotted, hairpin, and glomerular patterns of vessels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Case Involving the Scalp - Clinical and Videodermoscopic Findings

Sánchez

et al. 2017

Skin Appendage Disord

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“…Leishmaniasis is a multifactorial disease caused by parasites of the Leishmania genus, and it is estimated that around 12 million people worldwide are infected with these parasites . The disease may range from self‐healing cutaneous lesions to visceral disease, which can ultimately become fatal . The factors governing these different outcomes are mainly the parasite specie and the host's immune response .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrophage priming is dispensable for NLRP3 inflammasome activation and restriction of Leishmania amazonensis replication

Carvalho

Silva

Santos

et al. 2019

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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The NLRP3 inflammasome is activated in response to multiple stimuli and triggers activation of caspase‐1 (CASP1), IL‐1β production, and inflammation. NLRP3 activation requires two signals. The first leads to transcriptional regulation of specific genes related to inflammation, and the second is triggered when pathogens, toxins, or specific compounds damage cellular membranes and/or trigger the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here, we assess the requirement of the first signal (priming) for the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDMs) infected with Leishmania amazonensis. We found that BMDMs express the inflammasome components NLRP3, ASC, and CASP1 at sufficient levels to enable the assembly and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in response to infection. Therefore, priming was not required for the formation of ASC specks, CASP1 activation (measured by fluorescent dye FAM‐YVAD), and restriction of L. amazonensis replication via the NLRP3 inflammasome. By contrast, BMDM priming was required for CASP1 cleavage (p20) and IL‐1β secretion, because priming triggers robust up‐regulation of pro‐IL‐1β and CASP11 that are important for efficient processing of CASP1 and IL‐1β. Taken together, our data shed light into the cellular and molecular processes involved in activation of the NLRP3 in macrophages by Leishmania, a process that is important for the outcome of Leishmaniasis.

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“…The activity of the known compound 1a against L. major promastigotes (EC 50 =35.0 μ m ) was much lower when compared with its published activities against L. amazonensis (IC 50 =0.6 μ m ) and L. braziliensis promastigotes (IC 50 =0.8 μ m ) . Amphotericin B was applied as a proper positive control for the tests with L. major parasites despite of its severe side‐effects . In this study, the toxicity of amphotericin B to Vero cells was distinctly higher when compared with 1g and 1j , for example, which did not harm Vero cells at doses of 100 μ m and still showed moderate activity against amastigotes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Antiparasitic Bis‐Naphthoquinone Derivatives

Jentzsch

Koko

Nasr

et al. 2020

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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A series of bis‐naphthoquinone derivatives prepared by condensation of aryl aldehydes with lawsone were tested for antiparasitic activities against Toxoplasma gondii and Trypanosoma brucei parasites. Monofluorophenyl derivative 1a, 3,4‐difluorophenyl analog 1c and furyl compound 1l exhibited significant activity against T. gondii cells and appear to be new promising drug candidates against this parasite. The 3,4,5‐trifluorophenyl derivative 1g and the isovanillyl derivative 1j displayed selective activity against Leishmania major amastigotes.

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Leishmaniasis: a review

Cited by 877 publications

References 59 publications

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Case Involving the Scalp - Clinical and Videodermoscopic Findings

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Case Involving the Scalp - Clinical and Videodermoscopic Findings

Macrophage priming is dispensable for NLRP3 inflammasome activation and restriction of Leishmania amazonensis replication

New Antiparasitic Bis‐Naphthoquinone Derivatives

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