Lemon balm and dandelion leaf extract synergistically alleviate ethanol‐induced hepatotoxicity by enhancing antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activity

Lemon Balm and Dandelion Leaf Extracts Synergistically Protect against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice

“…Consistent with previous reports [41,42], the results presented here showed that CCl 4 downregulated hepatic mRNA levels of Nrf2, resulting in the depletion of hepatic glutathione, and reduced SOD and catalase activities, which may facilitate liver injury via the disruption of the antioxidant response. Moreover, our preliminary results using HepG2 cells (hepatocyte-surrogate cells) indicate that MLD significantly transactivated antioxidant response element-harboring reporter genes and induced the mRNA level of NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 in a concentration-dependent manner [23]. Together, these results indicate that MLD synergistically restored impaired Nrf2 mRNA expression as well as antioxidant defense responses, suggesting that MLD-mediated Nrf2 activation protects against CCl 4 -mediated liver injury by alleviating oxidative stress.…”

“…The vast majority of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of herbs are attributed to the presence of polyphenols. Two such compounds, rosmarinic acid and chicoric acid are both enriched in lemon balm and dandelion [6,22] and are effectively solubilized in MLD (e.g., 34.07 ± 0.55 mg/g rosmarinic acid and 2.26 ± 0.01 mg/g chicoric acid) [23]. Because it has been reported that the aforementioned polyphenolic compounds can attenuate oxidative stress-mediated liver injury [24][25][26][27][28][29], not only the presence of these polyphenols but also other unidentified compounds in MLD may collaboratively contribute to protect the liver against CCl 4 -induced acute liver damage.…”

Lemon Balm and Corn Silk Extracts Mitigate High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice

“…Because rosmarinic acid and allantoin have been known as bioactive phytochemicals found in LBE and CSE [ 17 , 22 ], we quantified the concentrations of rosmarinic acid and allantoin in LBE and CSE. Results from HPLC analyses indicated that the LBE and CSE used in the present study contained 46.01 ± 9.20 mg/g of rosmarinic acid and 1.60 ± 0.32 mg/g of allantoin, respectively ( Figure 1 ).…”

“…As part of the process to develop valuable herbal mixtures, which can promote human health, the following strategies have been used to minimize the number of animals required: (1) screening of individual herbal extracts, (2) optimization of combination ratio, and (3) dose–response experiments of herbal mixtures. Throughout these strategies, we recently tested various combination ratios of 1:8 to 8:1 of lemon balm and dandelion mixtures as a second step and discovered a potent hepatoprotective herbal mixture containing lemon balm and dandelion extracts in a ratio of 2:1 ( w / w ) [ 17 , 18 ]. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore the efficacy of various combination ratios of mixtures of lemon balm/corn silk (M-LB/CS) in HFD-induced obese mice and to elucidate the optimal combination ratio by comparing prophylactic effects of M-LB/CS with single herbal extract alone.…”

Chemical characterization of Tianshan green tea polysaccharides and its protective effects on cell oxidative injury

“…LO2 cells are normal hepatocytes from human body, which can effectively simulate the real state of oxidative stress in vitro. HepG2, a human hepatoma cell line, is commonly used to study the mechanism of oxidative stress and xenobiotic metabolism, because they retain endogenous antioxidants and xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (Choi et al, 2020). Kuang et al (2019) reported that polysaccharides from Agaricus bitorquis could attenuate H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress in HepG2 by removing excess ROS and inhibiting the activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH based on cell model method.…”