Leptin and insulin sensitivity: reply to Oral and Burant

Glucose homeostasis is closely regulated not only by insulin, but also by leptin. Both hormones act centrally, regulating food intake and adiposity in humans. Leptin has several effects on the glucose-insulin homeostasis, some of which are independent of body weight and adiposity. Those effects of leptin are determined centrally in the hypothalamus and peripherally in the pancreas, muscles and liver. Leptin has beneficial effects on the glucose-insulin metabolism, by decreasing glycemia, insulinemia and insulin resistance. The understanding of the effects of leptin on the glucose-insulin homeostasis will lead to the development of leptin-based therapies against diabetes and other insulin resistance syndromes. In these review, we summarize the interactions between leptin and insulin, and their effects on the glucose metabolism.

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“…[28] In its absence, insulin sensitivity is markedly increased due to rapid weight gain (discussed with more detail ahead). [2930]…”

Section: Leptin Deficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[29] This might be attributed to the rapid gain in glucose-absorbing fat mass after leptin withdrawal. [30] The increase in insulin sensitivity when off leptin was clinically evident when the adult male developed severe hypoglycemia during an oral glucose tolerance test.…”

Section: Leptin and The Adipoinsular Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptin therapy, insulin sensitivity, and glucose homeostasis

Paz-Filho

Mastronardi

Wong

et al. 2012

Indian J Endocr Metab

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127

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“…Congenital leptin deficiency, which is observed in rare cases of mutations in the leptin gene, is associated with hyperphagia, impaired thermogenesis, immune defects, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, lipotoxicity, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, functional and structural alterations in the brain, and impairment of cognitive development, all reversible by leptin treatment (34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40). Low levels of leptin are also observed in patients with lipodystrophic syndromes and in anorexia nervosa.…”

Section: Leptinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between adipokines and obesity-related cancer

Paz-Filho

Lim²,

Wong³

et al. 2011

Front Biosci

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138

126

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There is increasing evidence that obesity may have pathophysiological effects that extend beyond its well-known co-morbidities; in particular its role in cancer has received considerable epidemiological support. As adipose tissue becomes strongly established as an endocrine organ, two of its most abundant and most investigated adipokines, leptin and adiponectin, are also taken beyond their traditional roles in energy homeostasis, and are implicated as mediators of the effects of obesity on cancer development. This review examines these adipokines in relation to the prostate, breast, colorectal, thyroid, renal, pancreatic, endometrial and oesophageal cancers, and how they may orchestrate the influence of obesity on the development of these malignancies.

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“…Participation was voluntary and informed written consent was obtained. [17][18][19][20]years of age, data from 1048 and 1120 participants, respectively, were used in cluster analysis and to define the MetS. At 17-years, plasma cytokines and adipokines were measured in 1027 participants.…”

Section: Human Ethics Committees Of King Edward Memorial Hospital Pri...mentioning

confidence: 99%