Leptin and reproduction

Brann, Darrell W.; Wade, Marlene; Dhandapani, Krishnan M.; Mahesh, Virendra B.; Buchanan, Clint D.

doi:10.1016/s0039-128x(01)00138-6

Cited by 70 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…Leptin appears to be a pleiotrophic hormone affecting many different tissues in the body. Evidence is accumulating that it potentially affects the regulation of GnRH and LH secretion, puberty, pregnancy, and lactation (reviewed by Brann et al 2002). Normal leptin secretion is necessary for normal reproductive function to proceed, and leptin may be a signal allowing for the point of initiation of and progression toward puberty (Mantzoros et al 1997).…”

Section: Molecular and Cellular Biomarkers Of Pubertymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers for assessing reproductive development and health: Part 1--Pubertal development.

Rockett

Lynch

Buck

2004

Environ Health Perspect

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The proposed National Children's Study has helped raise awareness of the issues related to children's health and the importance of monitoring the growth and development of children from preconception through adulthood. Many genetic predispositions can adversely impact the normal development process, and various environmental exposures have been linked to adverse reproductive health in rodent models and a small number of accidental human exposures. To monitor reproductive health and identify adverse effects at the earliest possible juncture, investigators must develop a network of biomarkers covering all stages and aspects of reproductive development and function. Biomarkers are biological indicators that can be measured repeatedly and are informative on one or more aspects of biological development or function. They can range from the anatomical level down to the molecular level and may provide information on the nature of an exposure, the effect of an exposure, or the susceptibility of individuals or populations to the toxic effects of an exposure. In theory, biomarkers can be used to monitor a wide variety of conditions and responses ranging from abnormal development to early indicators of late-onset disease. The main stumbling block with this theory has been finding appropriate biomarkers for particular conditions and exposures. Such biomarkers must be easily accessible, robust, and sensitive. Ideally, they will be expressed across a large section of the population, and can be monitored quickly, easily, conveniently, and with minimal cost. In this review, we discuss some of the current and emerging biomarkers of human pubertal development.

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Section: Molecular and Cellular Biomarkers Of Pubertymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers for assessing reproductive development and health: Part 1--Pubertal development.

Rockett

Lynch

Buck

2004

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Leptin, a major hormone secreted by white adipose tissue (WAT) (Zhang et al 1994), has been implicated in the regulation of body weight (Baskin et al 2001, Mantzoros 2001, glucose metabolism (Fruhbeck & Salvador 2000, Al-Daghri et al 2002, Ceddia et al 2002 and fertility (Brann et al 2002, Moschos et al 2002. Leptin null, Lep ob /Lep ob mice are obese, hyperphagic and insulin resistant (Coleman 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipose tissue transplantation protects ob/ob mice from obesity, normalizes insulin sensitivity and restores fertility

Klebanov¹,

Cm²,

DeSimone³

et al. 2005

Journal of Endocrinology

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Adipose tissue affects metabolism by secreting various adipokines. Lipodystropic mice benefit both from leptin replacement therapy and from transplantation of normal fat. Leptin-deficient Lep ob /Lep ob (ob/ob) mice can also be treated with leptin. Surprisingly, there have been no reports of successful treatment of obese ob/ob mice by transplantation of normal white adipose tissue (WAT). If WAT transplantation is ineffective in treating insulin resistance and diabetes in obese individuals, its applicability may be limited in humans as such abnormalities are usually associated with obesity. In the current study, we tested whether WAT transplantation might prevent, and even reverse, abnormalities characteristic of ob/ob mice. To assess the preventive potential, 6-week-old ob/ob mice were transplanted, subcutaneously, with gonadal fat pads from normal mice. Profound effects on multiple physiological phenotypes were achieved despite leptin levels below 25% of those in control mice. WAT from one donor reduced body weight gain, and WAT from 4 or 8 donors prevented obesity in ob/ob mice. Nonfasting insulin levels and insulin tolerance test were normalized. Corticosterone elevation was also prevented. Finally, WAT from 4 donors restored fertility in ob/ob females. The effects of WAT transplantation were long-lasting, with body weight gain suppressed for at least 40 weeks. To assess the therapeutic potential, obese 13-month-old ob/ob mice with a long history of leptin deficiency were used. Their body weight decreased by approximately 50% when transplanted with WAT from 8 donors. As in young recipients, transplantation greatly reduced nonfasting insulin, suggesting normalized insulin sensitivity. Thus, WAT transplantation was effective for both prevention and therapy. In the future, WAT transplantation may become a useful alternative to hormone replacement in treating not only lipodystropy, but also certain types of obesity.

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“…However, some signalling events can be initiated by the short isoforms and/or involve other pathways, such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) (Brann et al 2002, Hegyi et al 2004. Recently, we found Ob-R in the corpora lutea of rabbits, where leptin was shown to use different intracellular signalling pathways in affecting progesterone and PGF2 , but not PGE2, release (Zerani et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent evidence suggests that leptin, a 16·4 kDa cytokine encoded by the obese gene (ob) and synthesized by adipocytes (Zhang et al 1994) and many tissues of the female reproductive system (Masuzaki et al 1997, SmithKirwin et al 1998, Gonzalez et al 2000, Ryan et al 2002, is involved not only in the regulation of food intake, energy expenditure and metabolism (Barb 1999) but also in the control of reproductive functions (Zhang et al 1994, Chehab et al 1996, Clark & Henry 1999, Cunningham et al 1999, Brann et al 2002, Williams et al 2002.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptin receptor expression and in vitro leptin actions on prostaglandin release and nitric oxide synthase activity in the rabbit oviduct

Zerani¹,

Boiti²,

Dall’Aglio³

et al. 2005

Journal of Endocrinology

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In this study, we have examined the presence and the distribution of receptors for leptin (Ob-R) in the oviduct of rabbits, and the effects of leptin on the release of prostaglandin (PG) F2 and PGE2 and on the activity of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) by oviducts cultured in vitro. Rabbits were killed during the follicular phase and the oviducts were incubated in vitro with leptin, PGF2 , PGE2, NO donor and inhibitors of NOS and cyclooxigenase (COX). Using immunohistochemistry, Ob-Rlike positive reaction was observed only in the cytoplasm of secretory cells, having stronger intensity in the infundibulum and ampulla tracts than in the isthmus. Both leptin and NO donor inhibited PGE2 release, whereas they enhanced PGF2 release; NOS inhibitor alone or with leptin increased PGE2 and decreased PGF2 production; NOS activity was enhanced by leptin, while PGs did not affect this enzyme. This study suggests that the oviduct could be a potential target for endocrine regulation by leptin, whose circulating levels may act as a metabolic signal modulating oviductal PG release through mediation of the NOS/NO system.

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Leptin and reproduction

Cited by 70 publications

References 121 publications

Biomarkers for assessing reproductive development and health: Part 1--Pubertal development.

Biomarkers for assessing reproductive development and health: Part 1--Pubertal development.

Adipose tissue transplantation protects ob/ob mice from obesity, normalizes insulin sensitivity and restores fertility

Leptin receptor expression and in vitro leptin actions on prostaglandin release and nitric oxide synthase activity in the rabbit oviduct

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