Leptin Correlation with Obesity, Diabetes and Gender in a Population from Faisalabad, Pakistan

Abstract

Background: Leptin is an important adipokine hormone released from adipose tissue which is associated with obesity and diabetes in different populations.Objective: To investigate the serum leptin concentrations for its correlation with diabetes, obesity and gender in a small population from Faisalabad, Pakistan.Methods: From our sample collection of more than 500 subjects for metabolic disorders research, we have carefully selected 80 subjects for the present case-control comparison study. These subjects were grouped on the basis of diabetes, obesity and gender status. Equal number of subjects was taken for each comparison group to minimize the effects of confounding factors. For diabetes, these eighty subjects were divided into two groups (n=40 non-diabetic and n=40 type 2 diabetics). While considering obesity, these eighty subject were divided on the basis of their Body Mass Index (n=40 non-obese and n=40 obese). For gender based analysis, the groups based on diabetes and obesity were made (n=20 in each sub-group) and further analyzed while keeping n=10 males and n=10 females in each sub-group. Serum leptin and biochemical analytes were measured for all subjects and data were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 software.Results: Leptin levels were found significantly low in nonobese as compared to obese subjects (Mean ± SD: 5.2 ± 2.0 vs. 7.1 ± 2.1 ng/ml, p<0.001). No significant difference was found for non-diabetics and diabetics (6.4 ± 2.4 vs. 5.9 ± 2.2 ng/ml, p=0.35). Gender dimorphism showed significant differences for leptin (p<0.0001). Spearman's analysis showed strong correlation between leptin and obesity (r=0.43, p=0.0001), gender (r=0.24, p=0.02) irrespective of obesity or diabetes. Conclusion:The leptin levels were high in obese and female subjects.

Ghrelin and Leptin and Their Relations with Insulin Resistance in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients

“…On the other hand, subjects with T2DM showed significantly lower serum leptin levels in our population, both men and women. Women had higher leptin concentrations than men, which accords with previous studies 16,17 . Higher leptin levels in women may be attributed to a higher ratio of adipose tissue and higher leptin production rate per unit mass of adipose tissue 36 and estrogen levels in women, which stimulate leptin mRNA expression 37 .…”

“…Becerril revealed the physiological relationship between leptin and nitric oxide (NO, a nitrogen-based free radical secreted by endothelial cells) 15 . Leptin concentrations depend on sex, as female subjects have higher serum leptin concentrations than males 16,17 .…”

Interaction of Osteoarthritis and BMI on Leptin Promoter Methylation in Taiwanese Adults

“…In this regard, we assume that serum LEP levels in obese osteoarthritic individuals (whose LEP promoter methylation levels were significantly higher) could be lower than the levels in normal-weight osteoarthritic individuals. Generally, LEP levels are positively correlated with adiposity and are usually elevated in obese individuals [4,[27][28][29]. However, low LEP levels have also been found to be associated with weight gain.…”

Leptin and cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight persons in young age

“…3). Другими авторами получены аналогичные результаты: на популяционной выборке из 500 человек (у мужчин -4,4 [3,3; 5,5], у женщин -8,3 [6,1; 9,2] нг/мл) [11], выборке из 90 человек [12], на небольшой выборке взрослых африканцев (у женщин -30,77 ± 19,16, у мужчин 8,66 ± 8,24 нг/мл, р < 0,0001; гиперлептинемия наблюдалась у 66,96 %, а гипоадипонектинемия -у 44,35 % пациентов) [13]. Одним из объяснений данного феномена является то, что, по литературным данным, у женщин скорость синтеза лептина выше, чем у мужчин [14].…”