Leptospirosis in horses: special reference to equine recurrent uveitis

Khurana, Sandip Kumar; Dhama, Kuldeep; Minakshi, P; Gulati, Baldev R.; Malik, Yashpal Singh; Karthik, Kumaragurubaran

doi:10.18006/2016.4(spl-4-ehidz).s123.s131

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…1 The disease is widely distributed and occurs both in developed and developing countries in suitable habitat where the conditions are suitable for the growth of causative organisms. 2 Incidences of the presence of pathogenic leptospires have been reported in a variety of domestic or pet animals, such as dogs, cattle, horses, rats, and pigs [3][4][5][6] and also in several wildlife animals including coyotes, sea lions, raccoons, opossums, bats, white-tailed deer and surprisingly in frogs and caimans. 7,8 Rats, canines, buffaloes, and cattle are the hosts for leptospirosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Status of Leptospirosis in India

Choudhary,

Kumar

et al. 2023

J. Pure Appl. Microbiol.

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A corkscrew-shaped spirochaete named Leptospira interrogans causes the infectious disease called leptospirosis. Leptospirosis, a growing public health concern worldwide, from subclinical infections to potentially lethal pulmonary hemorrhage. The disease caused by the pathogenic Leptospira, poses a threat to both humans and animals, and its transmission occurs through contact with infected animals, contaminated water, and soil. The prevalence of leptospirosis is influenced by various factors, including climate, urban development, and animal-rearing practices. It can manifest with severe symptoms in humans, making early diagnosis crucial. Diagnostic methods like microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) are widely used for the screening of leptospira infection. Molecular technique like PCR and qPCR offering higher sensitivity and rapidity. This paper meta-analyses the incidence of leptospirosis in various animals based on the literature published from 2005 to 2023 and provides prevalence of the disease in various animal including humans. Results suggest the significance prevalence of the disease in humans and various animal species, namely buffalo, rodents, and dogs. Coastal regions in India were particularly vulnerable to the disease. Efforts to control leptospirosis include surveillance programs and public health initiatives. Understanding the epidemiology and prevalence of leptospirosis, as highlighted in this paper, is essential for implementing effective preventive measures. Finally, a continued research, diagnostic advancements, public awareness campaigns and addressing research gaps in epidemiology of the disease are critical in mitigating the impact on human and animal health. This review provides important data for public health authorities, veterinarians, scientists and for the public, in general.

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