This review focuses on the use of heterogeneous catalysts
in
the production of fine and speciality chemicals. The
major
emphasis is on those systems which have been
commercialised
already and those which are close to commercialisation.
These
include the use of TS-1 for oxidation reactions including
the
production of hydroquinone, caprolactam, and alkene
oxides,
and clay-supported catalysts such as clayzic, which are
commercially available for acid-catalysed reactions, in
particular
Friedel−Crafts reactions. Base catalysis and
acid-catalysed
halogenation and nitration are also covered.