Lessons on Marine Protected Area Management in Northern Boreal Regions from the United States and Norway

McDermott, Susanne F.; Buhl‐Mortensen, Lene; Dahle, Geir; Hart, Deborah R.; Haynie, Alan C.; Johannessen, Tore; Moksness, Erlend; Olsen, Esben Moland; Olsen, Erik; Olson, John V.; Spencer, Paul D.; Stockhausen, William T.

doi:10.7755/mfr.79.1.2

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…This in turn might influence the yield and eventually change the available gene pool in the species (Villegas‐Ríos et al, 2017 , 2021 ). It is therefore important to integrate individual variation in spatial behavior into MPA design and implementation (Claudet et al, 2006 ; McDermott et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Personality in juvenile Atlantic cod ecotypes and implications for fisheries management

Beukeboom

Phillips

Ólafsdóttir

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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Animals show among‐individual variation in behaviors, including migration behaviors, which are often repeatable across time periods and contexts, commonly termed “personality.” These behaviors can be correlated, forming a behavioral syndrome. In this study, we assessed the repeatability and correlation of different behavioral traits, i.e., boldness, exploration, and sociality, and the link to feeding migration patterns in Atlantic cod juveniles. To do so, we collected repeated measurements within two short‐term (3 days) and two long‐term (2 months) intervals of these personality traits and genotypes of the Pan I locus, which is correlated with feeding migration patterns in this species. We found high repeatabilities for exploration behavior in the short‐ and long‐term intervals, and a trend for the relationship between exploration and the Pan I locus. Boldness and sociality were only repeatable in the second short‐term interval indicating a possible development of stability over time and did not show a relation with the Pan I locus. We found no indication of behavioral syndromes among the studied traits. We were unable to identify the existence of a migration syndrome for the frontal genotype, which is the reason that the link between personality and migration remains inconclusive, but we demonstrated a possible link between exploration and the Pan I genotype. This supports the need for further research that should focus on the effect of exploration tendency and other personality traits on cod movement, including the migratory (frontal) ecotype to develop management strategies based on behavioral units, rather than treating the population as a single homogeneous stock.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is therefore important to integrate individual variation in spatial behavior into MPA design and implementation (Claudet et al, 2006;McDermott et al, 2017).…”

Section: Implications For Fisheries Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality in juvenile Atlantic cod ecotypes and implications for fisheries management

Beukeboom

Phillips

Ólafsdóttir

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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“…There are other existing and continuing initiatives to document the progress and effectiveness of MPAs (Agnesi et al, 2017;Buhl-Mortensen et al, 2017;Hatton-Ellis et al, 2012;HELCOM, 2013;Horta-e-Costa et al, 2016;McDermott et al, 2017;OSPAR, 2007OSPAR, , 2008Pomeroy et al, 2004;Staub & Hatziolos, 2004;Stelzenmüller et al, 2013;Stolton & Dudley, 2016); however, these initiatives have taken different approaches, compared with the method selected in this study. Also, these initiatives have not differentiated between ecosystem components, specifically the benthos.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, if the potential for displacement of fishing effort from an MPA is not identified and mitigated, the effects of this displacement fishing may detract from any observed benefits of the MPA as a result of increased fishing pressure in virgin or other underexploited areas outside the MPA (Hiddink et al, 2006;McConnaughey et al, 2020;McDermott et al, 2017). Although the complete banning of benthic disturbance from the whole MPA is considered to be one of the most effective methods for protecting the benthos within it, very few MPA management schemes have considered this to be a viable option.…”

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confidence: 99%

A generic framework to assess the representation and protection of benthic ecosystems in European marine protected areas

Greathead

Magni

Vanaverbeke

et al. 2020

Aquatic Conservation

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“…The implementation of marine protected areas has increased substantially over the last century and will likely continue to increase to meet global conservation targets (Boonzaier & Pauly 2016). Since the biomass and density of animals within marine protected areas generally increase, marine protected areas have been used as fishery management tools to increase harvest and reduce impact on the sea floor and on non-target species (Murawski et al 2000, Guidetti & Claudet 2010, McDermott et al 2017. If this management strategy is increasingly employed, accounting for density-dependent changes in growth and mortality will be important (Beverton & Holt 1957).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of extremely high recruitment: crowding and reduced growth within spatial closures

Bethoney¹,

Stokesbury²

2019

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The influence of density on population dynamics is a fundamental concept of ecology; however, observations of marine populations affected by density are rare. Recently, extremely high abundances of Atlantic sea scallops Placopecten magellanicus have persisted over a wide range of their distribution, including 2 adjacent areas on Browns Bank, Canada, that were closed to fishing from 2014 to 2016. We hypothesized that the closures, named C2 and C3, would work as expected, i.e. scallop abundance would decrease through time due to natural mortality, while yield would substantially increase due to growth. To test this, we compared the density (number of scallops per unit area), crowding levels (number of scallops around an individual scallop), and shell growth of scallops through the closures. Despite similar scallop densities in each area, crowding levels were significantly higher within area C2 than in C3. This contrasting result suggests the intensity of scallop aggregation was significantly higher in area C2. This area also had individuals with reduced shell height growth in the final year of the closure. Combined, the results show yield was lost between Years 2 and 3 in area C2 while yield increased through time in area C3. The different levels of crowding between the 2 areas may explain the different growth patterns; factors causing discrepancies in scallop growth can be related to aggregation intensity. Spatial closures to increase fishery yield are commonly thought of as 'money in the bank', but divergences from typical patterns, in this case growth, suggest considering these areas as shorter term 'windows of opportunity' will help their management.

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Lessons on Marine Protected Area Management in Northern Boreal Regions from the United States and Norway

Abstract: ABSTRACT-In comparison to tropical

Cited by 3 publications

References 58 publications

Personality in juvenile Atlantic cod ecotypes and implications for fisheries management

Personality in juvenile Atlantic cod ecotypes and implications for fisheries management

A generic framework to assess the representation and protection of benthic ecosystems in European marine protected areas

Implications of extremely high recruitment: crowding and reduced growth within spatial closures

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