Let’s talk about sex: Differences in drug therapy in males and females

Madla, Christine M.; Gavins, Francesca K.H.; Merchant, Hamid A.; Orlu, Mine; Murdan, Sudaxshina; Basit, Abdul W.

doi:10.1016/j.addr.2021.05.014

Cited by 94 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 329 publications

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“…Significant interest around pharmaceutical 3DP began towards the turn of the century, at a time when the paradigm was the conventional, large-scale mass manufacturing of identical dosage forms [5][6][7]. This inflexible model of medicine offered simplicity and safety, although it often left groups of patients with special pharmaceutical needs, such as the elderly and paediatrics, overlooked and unprovided for [8][9][10]. A key breakthrough for 3DP pharmaceuticals was the United States Food and Drug Agency's (FDA) approval of Spritam® in 2015 i .…”

Section: Moving 3dp Of Pharmaceuticals Beyond the Laboratory And Into The Clinicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disrupting 3D printing of medicines with machine learning

Elbadawi

McCoubrey

Gavins

et al. 2021

Trends in Pharmacological Sciences

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Section: Moving 3dp Of Pharmaceuticals Beyond the Laboratory And Into The Clinicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disrupting 3D printing of medicines with machine learning

Elbadawi

McCoubrey

Gavins

et al. 2021

Trends in Pharmacological Sciences

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“…Moreover, the menstrual cycle did not affect the pharmacokinetics of S-ibuprofen or R-ibuprofen, and only the concomitant administration of oral contraceptives may lead to a higher clearance. Nevertheless, the clinical impact of such interaction seems of little relevance [35].…”

Section: Decreased Hospitalizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Suspected drug classes and risk of hospitalization.Analysis were adjusted for age, ethnicity, presence of two or more suspected drugs, presence of concomitant drugs, and presence comorbidities. Predictors of hospitalization A statistically significant increased risk of hospitalization was observed for both elderly women and men (ROR 1 35,. 95% CI 1.27-1.42 and 1.23, 1.16-1.31, respectively) compared to adults, in patients treated with more than one suspected drug (two suspected drugs ROR 1.98, 1.81-2.17 and 1.66, 1.50-1.84; 3-4 suspected drugs ROR 4.14, 3.66-4.69 and 2.92, 2.53-3.38; ≥5 drugs ROR 6.58, 5.66-7.66 and 4.15, 3.48-4.96), and in patients who presented concomitant conditions (ROR 1.51, 1.44-1.59 and 1.57, 1.48-1.66) (Table…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of Hospitalization for Adverse Drug Events in Women and Men: A Post-Hoc Analysis of an Active Pharmacovigilance Study in Italian Emergency Departments

Crescioli¹,

Boscia²,

Bettiol³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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This post-hoc analysis of an Italian active pharmacovigilance study describes pharmacological differences of ADEs leading to emergency department (ED) visit and hospitalization in women and men. During the study period (January 2007 – December 2018), 61,855 reports of ADE leading to ED visit were collected. Overall, 30.6% of ADEs resulted in hospitalization (30% in women and 31% in men). Multivariate logistic regression showed that, among women, drug classes significantly associated with an increased risk of hospitalization were heparins (ROR 1.41, CI 1.13-176), antidepressants (ROR 1.12, CI 1.03-1.23) and antidiabetics (ROR 1.13, CI 1.02-1.24). Among men only vitamin K antagonists (ROR 1.28, CI 1.09-1.50), opioids (ROR 1.30, CI 1.06-1.60) and digitalis glycosides (ROR 1.32, CI 1.09-1.59) were associated with a higher risk of hospitalization. Overall, older age, multiple suspected drugs and the presence of comorbidi-ties were significantly associated with a higher risk of hospitalization. A significantly reduced risk of hospitalization was observed in both women and men experiencing and adverse event following immunization (ROR 0.36, CI 0.27-0.48 and 0.83, 0.42-0.74, respectively) compared to drugs. Results obtained from this real-world analysis highlight important aspects of drug safety between sexes.

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“…This should hardly come as a surprise; sex differences in digoxin toxicity, for instance, were reported as early as 1964 (Rodensky and Wasserman, 1964). Today, we are better equipped to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying interand intra-patient variations, such as sex (Farkouh et al, 2020;Madla et al, 2021), metabolic enzymes polymorphism (Ahmed et al, 2016), gut microbiota (McCoubrey et al, 2021;Zimmermann et al, 2019), and the time of administration (Zaki et al, 2019). Progress towards tailor-made medicines is faster than ever due in part to political interest and pressure, with the 2015 Precision Medicine Initiative launched by the Obama administration (Fox, 2015) one key example of this.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical biosensors - Illuminating the path to personalized drug dosing

Ong

Pollard

Goyanes

et al. 2021

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

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Optical biosensors are low-cost, sensitive and portable devices that are poised to revolutionize the medical industry. Healthcare monitoring has already been transformed by such devices, with notable recent applications including heart rate monitoring in smartwatches and COVID-19 lateral flow diagnostic test kits. The commercial success and impact of existing optical sensors has galvanized research in expanding its application in numerous disciplines. Drug detection and monitoring seeks to benefit from the fast-approaching wave of optical biosensors, with diverse applications ranging from illicit drug testing, clinical trials, monitoring in advanced drug delivery systems and personalized drug dosing. The latter has the potential to significantly improve patients' lives by minimizing toxicity and maximizing efficacy. To achieve this, the patient's serum drug levels must be frequently measured. Yet, the current method of obtaining such information, namely therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), is not routinely practiced as it is invasive, expensive, time-consuming and skilled labor-intensive. Certainly, optical sensors possess the capabilities to challenge this convention. This review explores the current state of optical biosensors in personalized dosing with special emphasis on TDM, and provides an appraisal on recent strategies. The strengths and challenges of optical biosensors are critically evaluated, before concluding with perspectives on the future direction of these sensors.

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Let’s talk about sex: Differences in drug therapy in males and females

Cited by 94 publications

References 329 publications

Disrupting 3D printing of medicines with machine learning

Disrupting 3D printing of medicines with machine learning

Risk of Hospitalization for Adverse Drug Events in Women and Men: A Post-Hoc Analysis of an Active Pharmacovigilance Study in Italian Emergency Departments

Optical biosensors - Illuminating the path to personalized drug dosing

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