Lethal acute diarrhea associated with <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> toxin A and B in a buffy‐tufted‐ear marmoset (<i>Callithrix aurita</i>)

Carvalho, Thaynara Parente de; Santos, Daniel de Oliveira; Oliveira, Ayisa Rodrigues de; Vasconcelos, Izabela Magalhães Arthuso; Tinoco, Herlandes Penha; Coelho, Carlyle Mendes; Carvalho, Gabriela Muniz; Xavier, Rafael Gariglio Clark; Silva, Rodrigo; Paixão, Tatiane Alves da; Santos, Renato L.

doi:10.1111/jmp.12609

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…and, for the first time, in giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla). There are very few studies on the prevalence of C. difficile in primates, and a previous study in Brazil (Carvalho et al 2022) failed to isolate C. difficile from 24 capuchin monkeys (Sapajus spp.). On the other hand, CDI has already been described in several primate species, including marmoset (Callithrix sp.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile obtained from fecal samples of wild animals in Brazil

Lima,

Basso,

Cerri

et al. 2024

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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Clostridioides difficile is a strictly anaerobic, spore-forming Gram-positive bacterium associated with diarrhea, known as C. difficile infection (CDI). In domestic animals, C. difficile is considered an important pathogen mostly in pigs and horses, but there are also reports in other domestic species. In wild animals, the epidemiology of C. difficile is largely unknown, and the role of the bacterium as a cause of diarrhea is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of C. difficile in the feces of wild animals referred to the Center of Medicine and Research in Wild Animals (CEMPAS). Fecal samples obtained from 100 animals of 34 different species were subjected to qPCR for the detection of the C. difficile 16S rRNA gene and two major toxin genes (tcdA and tcdB) and to anaerobic bacterial isolation. A total of 63 animals (63%) were positive for C. difficile by qPCR, and 16 isolates were recovered. The opossum (Didelphis spp.) had the highest number of positive animals in both tests (from 21 samples, 19 were qPCR positive, and four isolates were recovered). Three toxigenic strains (RT 002, 004, and 014), all previously described as infecting humans and animals, were isolated in the following species: bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps), pampas fox (Lycalopex vetulus), and marmoset (Callithrix sp.). The presence of C. difficile in the feces of wild animals highlights the importance of wildlife as potential carriers of infection for production animals or humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile obtained from fecal samples of wild animals in Brazil

Lima,

Basso,

Cerri

et al. 2024

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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“…Usually, histopathology shows multifocal areas of fibrin and necrotic debris erupting from the intestinal mucosa, forming a characteristic "volcano" aspect, evolving to a diffuse pattern with a thick layer of fibrin, mucus, cell debris and neutrophils (13). However, in a case of lethal acute diarrhea associated with C. difficile toxin A and B in a buffy-tufted-ear marmoset (Callithrix aurita) it was observed just a mild neutrophilic colitis (30), warning that even with mild lesions, C. difficile must be considered in the differential diagnosis of diarrhea cases in NWP.…”

Section: Anaerobic Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious diseases of neotropical primates

Oliveira¹,

Santos²

2023

BJVP

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Neotropical primates are represented by more than 200 species and subspecies distributed in five families. Considering that some of these species are considered endangered, disease investigation in these populations is critical for conservation strategies. Therefore, an increasing number of studies and publications on this topic became available in the past few years. This review deals with infectious diseases of neotropical primates, with focus on free-ranging animals, including those caused by bacterial, viral, protozoal, metazoan, or mycotic infectious organisms, with particular emphasis on gross and microscopic lesions associated with these diseases. In addition, a few relevant unpublished cases of infection by Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., E. coli and Pseudomonas spp. were included in this review.

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